Fig. 3

Echocardiography functional assessment. Echocardiographic analyses were performed before (T0), at the end of HFD consumption (36 weeks), and at 52 weeks. LV mass (a), posterior wall thickness during systole (b) and diastole (c), interventricular septum thickness during systole (d) and diastole (e), and LV internal diameter during systole (f) and diastole (g) were evaluated. Values are expressed as mean ± SEM. HFD mice vs. standard diet mice *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01. G-CSF-treated mice vs. saline-treated mice ^# p < 0.05. HFD-Saline mice vs. standard diet mice, †p < 0.05