Table 1 Characteristics of patients in tertiles of hospitals with regard to median length of stay
From: National trends in hospital length of stay for acute myocardial infarction in China
All hospitals (n = 12706) | High-tertile hospitals (n = 4784) | Middle-tertile hospitals (n = 5105) | Low-tertile hospitals (n = 2817) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Length of stay, median (IQR) | |||||
2001 | 13 (8–19) | 14 (9–21) | 14 (9–18) | 11 (7–16) | 0.004 |
2006 | 11 (7–16) | 13 (9–19) | 11 (7–15) | 8 (5–12) | <.0001 |
2011 | 11 (7–15) | 14 (9–18) | 11 (8–14) | 9 (6–12) | <.0001 |
Year of admission | 0.01 | ||||
2001 | 1901 (15.0) | 773 (16.2) | 834 (16.3) | 294 (10.4) | |
2006 | 3553 (28.0) | 1361 (28.5) | 1391 (27.3) | 801 (28.4) | |
2011 | 7252 (57.1) | 2650 (55.4) | 2880 (56.4) | 1722 (61.1) | |
Socio-demographics | |||||
Age, years | |||||
Mean ± std | 64.4 ± 12.5 | 63.8 ± 12.4 | 64.5 ± 12.7 | 65.1 ± 12.1 | 0.2 |
<55 | 2905 (22.9) | 1176 (24.6) | 1172 (23.0) | 557 (19.8) | 0.07 |
55-64 | 3073 (24.2) | 1125 (23.5) | 1237 (24.2) | 711 (25.2) | |
65-74 | 3779 (29.7) | 1455 (30.4) | 1460 (28.6) | 864 (30.7) | |
≥75 | 2949 (23.2) | 1028 (21.5) | 1236 (24.2) | 685 (24.3) | |
Female | 3779 (29.7) | 1385 (29.0) | 1574 (30.8) | 820 (29.1) | 0.4 |
Place of residence | 0.1 | ||||
Urban | 3489 (27.5) | 1525 (31.9) | 1316 (25.8) | 648 (23.0) | |
Rural | 8266 (65.1) | 3087 (64.5) | 3166 (62.0) | 2013 (71.5) | |
Unrecorded | 951 (7.5) | 172 (3.6) | 623 (12.2) | 156 (5.5) | |
Cardiac risk factors | |||||
Current smoking | 4406 (34.7) | 1836 (38.4) | 1659 (32.5) | 911 (32.3) | 0.03 |
Hypertension | 5743 (45.2) | 2252 (47.1) | 2323 (45.5) | 1168 (41.5) | 0.3 |
Diabetes | 2095 (16.5) | 805 (16.8) | 914 (17.9) | 376 (13.4) | 0.1 |
Medical histories | |||||
Myocardial infarction | 1369 (10.8) | 466 (9.7) | 639 (12.5) | 264 (9.4) | 0.008 |
Percutaneous coronary intervention | 248 (2.0) | 95 (2.0) | 113 (2.2) | 40 (1.4) | 0.4 |
CABG | 45 (0.4) | 21 (0.4) | 19 (0.4) | 5 (0.2) | 0.4 |
Stroke | 1377 (10.8) | 517 (10.8) | 568 (11.1) | 292 (10.4) | 0.9 |
Chronic renal disease | 2527 (19.9) | 799 (16.7) | 1076 (21.1) | 652 (23.2) | 0.02 |
Cancer | 72 (0.6) | 14 (0.5) | 21 (0.4) | 37 (0.8) | 0.1 |
Presentation features | |||||
Symptom onset to admission | 0.5 | ||||
≤6 hours | 4838 (38.1) | 1891 (39.5) | 1925 (37.7) | 1022 (36.3) | |
6-12 hours | 1290 (10.2) | 477 (10.0) | 525 (10.3) | 288 (10.2) | |
12-24 hours | 1635 (12.9) | 635 (13.3) | 626 (12.3) | 374 (13.3) | |
>24 hours | 4943 (38.9) | 1781 (37.2) | 2029 (39.8) | 1133 (40.2) | |
STEMI | 10888 (85.7) | 4190 (87.6) | 4293 (84.1) | 2405 (85.4) | 0.07 |
Chest pain | 11746 (92.4) | 4421 (92.4) | 4719 (92.4) | 2606 (92.5) | 0.9 |
Cardiogenic shock | 475 (3.7) | 190 (4.0) | 175 (3.4) | 110 (3.9) | 0.6 |
Cardiac arrest | 105 (0.8) | 48 (1.0) | 39 (0.8) | 18 (0.6) | 0.3 |
Pneumonia | 1188 (9.4) | 416 (8.7) | 486 (9.5) | 286 (10.2) | 0.7 |
Exacerbated COPD | 203 (1.6) | 73 (1.5) | 76 (1.5) | 54 (1.9) | 0.6 |
Acute stroke | 114 (0.9) | 41 (0.9) | 43 (0.8) | 30 (1.1) | 0.6 |
eGFR, ml/min/1.73 m2 | |||||
Mean ± std | 84.6 ± 38.6 | 88.7 ± 37.4 | 82.9 ± 37.5 | 80.5 ± 42.0 | 0.008 |
>90 | 4210 (33.1) | 1848 (38.6) | 1630 (31.9) | 732 (26.0) | 0.0006 |
60-90 | 4158 (32.7) | 1515 (31.7) | 1792 (35.1) | 851 (30.2) | |
<60 | 2389 (18.8) | 759 (15.9) | 1017 (19.9) | 613 (21.8) | |
Unknown | 1949 (15.3) | 662 (13.8) | 666 (13.1) | 621 (22.0) | |
Systolic blood pressure >180 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure >110 mmHg | 671 (5.3) | 227 (4.7) | 297 (5.8) | 147 (5.2) | 0.5 |
Heart rate > 100 beats/min | 1379 (10.9) | 493 (10.3) | 572 (11.2) | 314 (11.2) | 0.5 |
Outliers of outcome | |||||
<1st percentile value (i.e. <2 days) | 316 (2.5) | 102 (2.1) | 101 (2.0) | 113 (4.0) | 0.001 |
>99th percentile value (i.e. >42 days) | 121 (1.0) | 69 (1.4) | 44 (0.9) | 8 (0.3) | < .0001 |