Characteristics | Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | P value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
(n = 2428) | (n = 2114) | (n = 1986) | (n = 1982) | ||
≤0.2 | 0.21-0.24 | 0.25-0.29 | ≥0.30 | ||
MetS (%) | 927 (38.2) | 1112 (52.6) | 1210 (60.9) | 1410 (71.1) | <0.001 |
Uric acid (mmol/L) | 0.18 (0.16-0.19) | 0.22 (0.22-0.24) | 0.27 (0.26-0.28) | 0.34 (0.31-0.37) | <0.001 |
Male n (%) | 316 (13.02) | 500 (23.65) | 705 (35.52) | 1205 (60.80) | <0.001 |
Age (yrs)b | 53.29 ± 7.97 | 55.72 ± 7.75 | 57.25 ± 7.45 | 57.93 ± 7.46 | <0.001 |
Smoking (yes) | 413 (17.02) | 411 (19.44) | 501 (25.23) | 680 (34.31) | <0.001 |
Alcohol (yes) | 524 (21.59) | 514 (24.31) | 579 (29.15) | 852 (42.99) | <0.001 |
SBP (mmHg) | 125 ± 20 | 129 ± 21 | 132 ± 20 | 135 ± 19 | <0.001 |
DBP (mmHg) | 78 ± 10 | 80 ± 10 | 81 ± 11 | 83 ± 10 | <0.001 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 23.41 ± 3.19 | 24.76 ± 8.45 | 25.53 ± 11.29 | 25.79 ± 4.49 | <0.001 |
Waist circumference (cm) | 80 ± 10 | 84 ± 12 | 86 ± 10 | 89 ± 9 | <0.001 |
Hip circumference (cm) | 94.07 ± 7.40 | 95.85 ± 7.00 | 96.85 ± 6.78 | 98.09 ± 6.89 | <0.001 |
Fasting plasma glucose (mmol/L) | 6.05 ± 1.50 | 6.39 ± 1.89 | 6.50 ± 1.80 | 6.53 ± 1.61 | <0.001 |
P2hPG (mmol/L) | 7.95 ± 3.49 | 8.88 ± 4.16 | 9.26 ± 4.04 | 9.36 ± 3.91 | <0.001 |
HbA1C | 5.84 ± 0.97 | 6.01 ± 1.10 | 6.05 ± 1.07 | 6.02 ± 0.94 | 0.021 |
Triglycerides (mmol/L)c | 1.09 (0.82-1.52) | 1.36 (0.98-1.93) | 1.49 (1.06-2.24) | 1.86 (1.29-2.67) | <0.001 |
Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 4.59 ± 0.99 | 4.79 ± 0.99 | 4.81 ± 1.01 | 4.88 ± 1.05 | <0.001 |
LDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 2.56 ± 0.75 | 2.66 ± 0.76 | 2.72 ± 0.79 | 2.72 ± 0.78 | <0.001 |
HDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 1.33 ± 0.33 | 1.27 ± 0.31 | 1.22 ± 0.31 | 1.17 ± 0.30 | <0.001 |
Physical activity | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.191 |
Low | 1795 (73.96) | 1538 (72.75) | 1453 (73.16) | 1395 (70.38) | Â |
Moderate | 487 (20.07) | 435 (20.58) | 397 (19.99) | 438 (22.10) | Â |
High | 145 (5.97) | 141 (6.67) | 136 (6.85) | 149 (7.52) | Â |
Education | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.061 |
0-6 | 520 (21.43) | 516 (24.41) | 497 (25.03) | 464 (23.41) | Â |
7-9 | 1217 (50.14) | 1048 (49.57) | 989 (47.80) | 988 (49.85) | Â |
≥10 | 690 (28.43) | 550 (26.02) | 500 (27.17) | 530 (26.74) |  |
Stroke | 69 (2.84) | 84 (3.97) | 99 (4.98) | 168 (8.48) | <0.001 |
Coronary heart disease | 149 (6.14) | 171 (8.09) | 233 (11.73) | 379 (19.12) | <0.001 |
Hypertension | 1029 (42.40) | 1109 (52.46) | 1213 (61.08) | 1386 (69.93) | <0.001 |
Diabetes mellitus | 319 (13.14) | 453 (21.43) | 574 (28.90) | 622 (31.38) | <0.001 |
Anti-hypertension medications | 342 (14.09) | 351 (16.60) | 394 (19.84) | 448 (22.60) | <0.001 |
Anti-diabetic medications | 110 (4.53) | 111 (5.25) | 140 (7.05) | 119 (6.00) | 0.003 |
Lipid-lowering medications | 65 (2.68) | 71 (3.36) | 62 (3.12) | 57 (2.88) | 0.571 |