Table 1 Sample characterization
Variable | Sample (n = 352) | Mechanical valve (n = 247) | Biological valve (n = 105) | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean age ± SD | 52.3 ± 13.4 | 50.8 ± 12.5 | 55.8 ± 14.9 | 0.003 |
Age group - n (%) | ||||
≤ 50 years | 161 (45.7) | 118 (47.8) | 43 (41.0) | < 0.001 |
51 - 60 years | 99 (28.1) | 77 (31.2)* | 22 (21.0) | |
61 - 70 years | 58 (16.5) | 38 (15.4) | 20 (19.0) | |
≥ 71 years | 34 (9.7) | 14 (5.7) | 20 (19.0)* | |
Gender - n (%) | ||||
Male | 165 (46.9) | 116 (47.0) | 49 (46.7) | 1.000 |
Female | 187 (53.1) | 131 (53.0) | 56 (53.3) | |
BMI (Kg/m2) - Mean ± SD | 24.4 ± 4.3 | 24.8 ± 4.5 | 23.4 ± 3.8 | 0.003 |
Obesity** - n (%) | 33 (9.4) | 27 (10.9) | 6 (5.7) | 0.181 |
Morbid obesity*** - n (%) | 1 (0.3) | 1 (0.4) | 0 (0.0) | 1.000 |
Functional class (NYHA) - n (%) | ||||
I-II | 203 (57.7) | 143 (57.9) | 60 (57.1) | 0.990 |
III-IV | 149 (42.3) | 104 (42.1) | 45 (42.9) | |
Pathology – n (%) | 0.719 | |||
Failure | 155 (44.0) | 104 (42.1) | 51 (48.6) | |
Stenosis | 83 (23.6) | 61 (24.7) | 22 (21.0) | |
DI with predominant stenosis | 84 (23.9) | 60 (24.3) | 24 (22.9) | |
DI with predominant failure | 30 (8.5) | 22 (8.9) | 8 (7.6) | |
Rhythm ECG – n (%) | ||||
Sinus | 147 (42.0) | 114 (46.3)* | 33 (31.7) | |
Atrial fibrillation | 198 (56.6) | 129 (52.4) | 69 (66.3)* | 0.039 |
Others | 5 (1.4) | 3 (1.2) | 2 (1.9) | |
Chronic atrial fibrillation - n (%) | 169 (48.0) | 112 (45.3) | 57 (54.3) | 0.156 |
Diabetes mellitus - n (%) | 25 (7.1) | 18 (7.3) | 7 (6.7) | 1.000 |
COPD - n (%) | 56 (15.9) | 39 (15.8) | 17 (16.2) | 1.000 |
Stroke - n (%) | 24 (6.8) | 17 (6.9) | 7 (6.7) | 1.000 |
SAH - n (%) | 144 (40.9) | 105 (42.5) | 39 (37.1) | 0.413 |
Creatinine > 2 mg/dl – n (%) | 17 (4.8) | 9 (3.6) | 8 (7.6) | 0.187 |
Dialysis - n (%) | 3 (0.9) | 1 (0.4) | 2 (1.9) | 0.213 |
Emergency surgery - n (%) | 22 (6.3) | 10 (4.0) | 12 (11.4) | 0.017 |
Endocarditis - n (%) | 36 (10.2) | 22 (8.9) | 14 (13.3) | 0.288 |
Rheumatic fever - n (%) | 153 (43.5) | 112 (45.3) | 41 (39.0) | 0.331 |