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Table 1 The baseline demographic data of participants according to glucose tolerance status

From: High pericardial and peri-aortic adipose tissue burden in pre-diabetic and diabetic subjects

 

No diabetes

Pre-DM

DM

 

N = 357

N = 155

N = 50

Trend P

Age

47.5 ± 7.7

51 ± 8*

53.5 ± 8*

<0.001

Gender, female

127 (35.6%)

22 (14%)

12 (24%)

<0.001

SBP, mmHg

116.9 ± 15.4

124.6 ± 16.8*

130.2 ± 16.7*

<0.001

BMI, kg/m2

23.6 ± 3.1

25.3 ± 3.1*

26.2 ± 3.8*

<0.001

BSA, m2

1.72 ± 0.17

1.8 ± 0.16

1.81 ± 0.15

<0.001

WC, cm

81 ± 8.9

86.9 ± 8.3*

89.2 ± 8.7*

<0.001

Body Fat, %

24.9 ± 6.2

25.9 ± 6.2

27.3 ± 9.1*

0.08

PCF, ml

68.2 ± 25.5

86.8 ± 26.9

91 ± 24.1

0.005

TAT, ml

6.4 ± 3.3

8.7 ± 4.2

9.5 ± 3.2

0.005

Hypertension

30 (7.7%)

27 (17.5%)

17 (34%)

<0.001

Hyperlipidemia

14 (3.6%)

9 (5.8%)

5 (10%)

0.157

Smoking

83 (21.3%)

38 (24.7%)

16 (32%)

0.172

Fasting Glucose, mg/dL

91.6 ± 5.7

103.6 ± 8.6*

159.7 ± 52.7*¥

<0.001

Post-prandial Glucose, mg/dL

99.3 ± 15.7

117.5 ± 30.1*

205.2 ± 85.9*¥

<0.001

HbA1c, %

5.67 ± 0.32

5.93 ± 0.41*

7.52 ± 1.85*¥

<0.001

HOMA-IR

1.25 ± 0.85

1.81 ± 1.09*

3.42 ± 2.2*¥

<0.001

Uric Acid, mg/dL

5.58 ± 1.37

6.35 ± 1.48*

6.04 ± 1.28Υ

<0.001

Total Cholesterol, mg/dL

192.5 ± 33.9

195.1 ± 31.9

191.2 ± 39.7

0.79

TG, mg/dL

126.4 ± 65.1

145.3 ± 85.6*

204.6 ± 158.5*¥

<0.001

LDL cholesterol, mg/dL

125.2 ± 31

128.8 ± 31

122.8 ± 32

0.67

HDL cholesterol, mg/dL

53.5 ± 13.5

49.8 ± 13.4*

44.1 ± 9.3*¥

<0.001

BUN, mg/dL

11.9 ± 3.6

12.6 ± 3.4

13.1 ± 3.7Υ

<0.001

eGFR, mL/min/1.73 m2

86.9 ± 14.4

81.5 ± 13.3*

84.8 ± 20.2

0.31

  1. ANOVA: *p < 0.05 compared to No Diabetes group, ¥p < 0.05 compared to Pre-DM group, Υp > =0.05 & <0.1 compared to No Diabetes group. BMI body mass index, HbA1c glycosylated hemoglobin, TG triglyceride, LDL cholesterol low-density cholesterol, HDL cholesterol high-density cholesterol, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate, WC waist circumference.