Table 1 Demographics and clinical characteristics of the study population
Participants (n=308) | Controls (n=70) | HTN pts. (n=56) | HTN/DD pts. (n=65) | HTN/DM pts. (n=52) | HTN/DD/DM pts. (n=65) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gender/male (n, %) | 40 (57.1%) | 30 (53.5%) | 30 (46.2%) | 28 (53.8%) | 32 (49.2%) | 0.899 |
Mid age (years) | 45±10 | 53±10 | 56±10 | 55±10 | 60±10 | 0.462 |
Height (cm) | 170±14 | 168±16 | 168±14 | 169±13 | 165±14 | 0.241 |
Weight (kg) | 66±7 | 67±9 | 65±9 | 69±9 | 68±9 | 0.311 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 22.9±2 | 23.3±2 | 23.1±2 | 24.5±2 | 24.1±2 | 0.233 |
Heart rate (bpm) | 70±10 | 72±10 | 68±10 | 64±10 | 65±10 | 0.08 |
Systolic BP (mmHg) | 125±5 | 128±5 | 130±5 | 118±5 | 120±5 | <0.0001 |
Diastolic BP (mmHg) | 70±8 | 78±8 | 80±8 | 77±4 | 76±3 | <0.0001 |
EF (Simpson’s method %) | 64.4±2% | 63.7±4% | 63.9±4% | 64.9±4% | 62.9±4% | 0.161 |
Fasting blood glucose | 4.8±1.0 | 5.0±1.0 | 5.0±0.7 | 6.0±1.5 | 7±1.5 | <0.0001 |
HbA1c | 4.0±1.0 | 4.5±1.0 | 4.7±1.0 | 5.0±1.0 | 5.3±1.0 | <0.0001 |
DM type II | 0 | 0 | 0 | 29 (55.5%) | 30 (46.2%) | <0.0001 |
HTN mild | 0 | 22 (39.3%) | 23 (35.3%) | 20 (39.4%) | 25 (38.5%) | <0.0001 |
HTN moderate | 0 | 18 (32.1%) | 25 (38.5%) | 23 (44.2%) | 27 (41.5%) | <0.0001 |
HTN severe | 0 | 16 (28.6%) | 17 (26.2%) | 9 (17.3%) | 13 (20%) | <0.0001 |
DD impared relaxation | 0 | 0 | 35 (53.8%) | 0 | 34 (52.3%) | <0.0001 |
DD peudonarmalisation | 0 | 0 | 20 (30.7%) | 0 | 20 (30.7%) | <0.0001 |
DD restriction | 0 | 0 | 10 (15.4%) | 0 | 11 (16.9%) | <0.0001 |