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Table 4 Characteristics of the study sample of patients stratified according to IMT

From: Heart rate variability and target organ damage in hypertensive patients

 

Normal

Thickening

Plaque

P Values

    

ANOVA or χ2

Normal vs Thickening

Normal vs Plaque

Thickening vs Plaque

Age (years)

47.3 ± 13.3

57.0 ± 9.6

65.9 ± 9.8

<0.001

0.004

<0.001

0.001

Sex (male/female)

16/10

10/12

101/51

0.157

   

Family history of hypertension (yes/no)

16/10

18/4

79/73

0.026

   

Family history of stroke (yes/no)

4/22

6/16

29/123

0.564

   

Smokers (yes/ex/no)

4/3/19

6/2/14

25/37/90

0.242

   

Diabetes (yes/no)

2/24

1/21

17/135

0.572

   

Diastolic BP (mmHg)

76.5 ± 10.8

73.4 ± 18.6

75.8 ± 11.1

0.643

1

1

1

Systolic BP (mmHg)

131.5 ± 19.2

124.1 ± 33.2

134.8 ± 21.1

0.106

0.768

1

0.113

Pulse pressure (mmHg)

55.0 ± 14.9

50.6 ± 19.9

59.0 ± 17.8

0.086

1

0.856

0.117

Fasting blood glucose (mmHg)

98.0 ± 20.7

95.7 ± 22.0

104.5 ± 24.7

0.154

1

0.601

0.321

Total Cholesterol (mg/dl)

182.0 ± 38.0

192.0 ± 39.1

185.6 ± 41.4

0.687

1

1

1

BMI (kg/m2)

28.8 ± 5.4

27.3 ± 3.7

27.6 ± 4.6

0.395

0.747

0.596

1

Beta-blockers (yes/no)

15/11

6/16

46/106

0.019

   

Alphabeta-blockers (yes/no)

1/25

3/19

17/135

0.465

   

Alpha-blockers (yes/no)

1/25

2/20

13/139

0.702

   

Diuretics (yes/no)

9/17

8/14

70/82

0.429

   

ACE inhibitor (yes/no)

10/16

8/14

57/95

0.989

   

Dihydropyridine (yes/no)

7/19

4/18

41/111

0.675

   

eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2)

84.1 ± 17.5

81.2 ± 17.8

75.2 ± 19.1

0.045

1

0.077

0.479

Renal involvement

9/15/2

6/13/3

33/91/28

0.502

   

IMT (mm)

0.89 ± 0.11

1.19 ± 0.08

2.62 ± 1.61

<0.001

1

<0.001

<0.001

LVMi g/m2

109.6 ± 19.0

126.7 ± 33.2

134.6 ± 30.9

<0.001

0.149

<0.001

0.744

Left Ventricular hypertrophy (no/yes)

20/6

11/11

49/103

<0.001

   
  1. Data are expressed as mean and standard deviation for continuous variables (i.e. age) and as number of patients per each group for categorical variable (i.e. gender).
  2. The p-value refers to ANOVA and post-hoc comparison with Bonferroni corrections for continuous variables and to χ2 for categorical variables.
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BMC Cardiovascular Disorders

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