Ventricular apical wall rupture and ventricular aneurysm formation concurrent with ventricular septal dissection and rupture due to ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: a case report

Table 2 Cases of AMI concurrent with two mechanical complications reported in recent years

Mechanical Complications	Patient’s age (years) and sex	Treatments	Outcomes
LVA and VSR [1]	83; Female	Surgical repair	Survival
LVA and VSR [2]	70; Male	Surgical repair	Survival
VSR and VSD [3]	72; Male	Surgical repair	Died
LVA and VSR [4]	65; Female	Surgical repair	Survival
VSR and free wall rupture [5]	74; Female	Transcatheter closure	Died
VSR and VSD [6]	65; Female	Transcatheter closure	Survival

LVA: Left ventricular aneurysm; VSR: Ventricular septal rupture; VSD: Ventricular septal dissection
Reference
[1] Sato H, Naraoka S. Left Ventricular Patch Plasty for Post-infarct Ventricular True Aneurysm with Ventricular Septal Perforation; Report of a Case. Kyobu Geka. 2016;69(11):956–958
[2] Mizumoto M, Uchida T, Hamasaki A, et al. Patch Closure of Posterior Type Ventricular Septal Perforation with Posterior Left Ventricular Aneurysm through Right Ventricular Incision. Kyobu Geka. 2020;73(2):94–98
[3] Pires de Morais G, Paulo N, Vieira MS, et al. Complex ventricular septal rupture with dissection of the right ventricular wall in ischemic context. Echocardiography. 2012;29(5):E112-114
[4] Zhang P, Pang X, Yu D, Zhang Y. Concurrent true inferoposterior left ventricular aneurysm and ventricular septal rupture secondary to inferior myocardial infarction: a case report. Eur Heart J Case Rep. 2018;2(4):yty136
[5] Xenogiannis I, Chavez I, Hall AB, Brilakis ES. Interventricular septum and free wall rupture in a patient with non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: A lethal combination. Hellenic J Cardiol. 2019;60(5):341–343
[6] Zhong X, Zhou G, Huan Z, et al. Small septal vessel occlusion results in big damage: ventricular septal dissection and rupture. Eur Heart J. 2018;39(26):2506–2507

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