Low HDL cholesterol and the eNOS Glu298Asp polymorphism are associated with inducible myocardial ischemia in patients with suspected stable coronary artery disease

Vecoli, Cecilia; Caselli, Chiara; Modena, Martina; Todiere, Giancarlo; Poddighe, Rosa; Valente, Serafina; Bandini, Fabrizio; Natali, Andrea; Ghiadoni, Lorenzo; Clerico, Aldo; Prontera, Concetta; Vittorini, Simona; Botto, Nicoletta; Emdin, Michele; Neglia, Danilo

doi:10.1186/s12872-024-03846-7

Table 1 Comparison of clinical characteristics, modifiable risk factors, laboratory clinical-chemistry data and eNOS genotype distribution among patient groups defined by absence/presence of obstructive CAD and absence/presence of inducible myocardial ischemia

From: Low HDL cholesterol and the eNOS Glu298Asp polymorphism are associated with inducible myocardial ischemia in patients with suspected stable coronary artery disease

	Whole population n = 506	ObstrCAD-NO n = 258	ObstrCAD-YES n = 178	p-value	InducibleMI-NO n = 160	InducibleMI-YES n = 165	p-value
*Clinical characteristics*
Age, years	62.0 ± 9.2	60.3 ± 8.4	64.6 ± 8.6	< 0.0001	60.5 ± 9.9	63.9 ± 9.3	0.0006
Male gender	62	52	81	< 0.0001	54	68	0.01
Family history of CAD	49	51	42	ns	57	46	ns
LVEF	60.7 ± 5.1	61.9 ± 4.9	59.5 ± 5.1	0.0001	61.1 ± 4.9	60.4 ± 5.2	ns
*Symptoms*
Typical Angina	40	33	53	< 0.0001	41	51	ns
*Medications*
Antihypertensives and Anti-ischemics	69	69	70	ns	68	65	ns
Aspirin	44	46	43	ns	48	48	ns
Statins	38	39	37	ns	26	28	ns
Anti diabetic therapy	16	18	16	ns	16	19	ns
*Modifiable Risk factors*
High SBP^a	64	63	69	ns	62	70	ns
High LDL-C	48	51	43	ns	61	48	0.02
Smoking	20	17	24	ns	19	22	ns
High BMI^a	20	23	16	ns	25	11	0.0009
High FPG^a	55	51	60	ns	56	50	ns
Low HDL-C^a	28	22	40	< 0.0001	18	28	0.01
High TG^a	25	22	29	ns	24	28	ns
Metabolic Syndrome	30	26	36	0.04	30	27	ns
*Laboratory clinical-chemistry data*
Total-C, mg/dL	190.0 ± 48.1	196.7 ± 48.5	177.1 ± 47.5	< 0.0001	204.8 ± 43.5	190.5 ± 44.5	0.003
LDL-C, mg/dL	113 ± 39	117 ± 40	107 ± 38	0.0009	124 ± 35	114 ± 41	0.007
HDL-C, mg/dL	52.9 ± 16.9	57.5 ± 18.2	45.4 ± 13.3	< 0.0001	56.9 ± 16.7	53.0 ± 18.1	0.009
TG, mg/dL	118.0 ± 64.0	112.3 ± 57.5	123.2 ± 65.4	ns	119.5 ± 66.8	122.3 ± 67.0	ns
ApoA1, mg/dL	132 ± 41	142 ± 44	139 ± 37	< 0.0001	134 ± 41	132 ± 42	ns
TG/HDL-C	2.6 ± .1.8	2.3 ± 1.7	3.0 ± 1.9	< 0.0001	2.4 ± 1.7	2.7 ± 1.9	ns
Glucose, mg/dL	105.0 ± 29.1	103.7 ± 24.8	107.3 ± 32.0	ns	108.8 ± 31.3	103.7 ± 33.7	ns
Insulin, μUI/mL	9.8 ± 9.7	9.6 ± 8.2	10.5 ± 11.0	ns	10.4 ± 10.0	9.4 ± 8.9	0.05
HOMA Index	2.8 ± 3.8	2.6 ± 2.4	2.8 ± 3.6	ns	3.1 ± 4.4	2.6 ± 2.8	0.02
*Genotype distribution*
Glu/Glu	50	48	50	ns	59	42	0.01
Glu/Asp	41	43	39		33	48
Asp/Asp	9	9	11		8	10
Glu/Glu	50	47	50	ns	59	42	0.003
Asp	50	53	50	ns	41	58	0.003

Continuous variables are presented as mean ± standard deviation, categorical variables as (%)
ObsCAD obstructive coronary artery disease, inducibleMI inducible myocardial ischemia, high SBP (SBP = systolic blood pressure) SBP ≥ 130/85 mmHg or antihypertensive medication, Total-C (C = cholesterol), high LDL-C (LDL-C = LDL cholesterol) LDL-C > 115mg/dL, high BMI (BMI = body mass index) BMI > 30 kg/m2, high FPG (FPG = fasting plasma glucose) high FPG diabetes or FPG > 100 mg/dL, low HDL-C (HDL-C = HDL cholesterol) HDL-C < 50 mg/dl in women and < 40 mg/dl in men or specific treatment for this lipid abnormality, high TG (TG = triglycerides) TG ≥ 150 mg/dl or specific treatment for this lipid abnormality, ApoA1 Apolipoprotein 1
^acomponent of metabolic syndrome

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ISSN: 1471-2261

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