Investigating the interplay of smoking, cardiovascular risk factors, and overall cardiovascular disease risk: NHANES analysis 2011–2018

Mambo, Athumani; Yang, Yulu; Mahulu, Emmerenceana; Zihua, Zhou

doi:10.1186/s12872-024-03838-7

Table 5 Combined effects of smoking and multiple cardiovascular risk factors on cardiovascular disease risk

From: Investigating the interplay of smoking, cardiovascular risk factors, and overall cardiovascular disease risk: NHANES analysis 2011–2018

Exposure	Non-adjusted OR (95%CI) P-value	Adjust I OR (95%CI) P-value	Adjust II OR (95%CI) P-value
Group a0	Ref	Ref	Ref
Group a1	5.09 (3.14, 8.24) < 0.0001	4.32 (2.47, 7.56) < 0.0001	2.96 (1.41, 6.22) 0.0041
Group b0	Ref	Ref	Ref
Group b1	5.93 (3.49, 10.08) < 0.0001	6.17 (3.25, 11.69) < 0.0001	4.13 (1.72, 9.91) 0.0015
Group c0	Ref	Ref	Ref
Group c1	19.37 (10.04, 37.38) < 0.0001	8.16 (4.05, 16.47) < 0.0001	4.77 (2.10, 10.85) 0.0002
Group d0	Ref	Ref	Ref
Group d1	11.55 (6.90, 19.33) < 0.0001	4.96 (2.81, 8.74) < 0.0001	2.48 (1.11, 5.56) 0.0274
Group e0	Ref	Ref	Ref
Group e1	2.01 (1.24, 3.26) 0.0046	3.58 (2.10, 6.08) < 0.0001	3.20 (1.76, 5.81) 0.0001
Group f0	Ref	Ref	Ref
Group f1	7.58 (4.99, 11.50) < 0.0001	6.21 (3.90, 9.91) < 0.0001	3.86 (2.10, 7.07) < 0.0001
Group g0	Ref	Ref	Ref
Group g1	4.82 (2.93, 7.91) < 0.0001	5.59 (3.25, 9.60) < 0.0001	3.38 (1.78, 6.41) 0.0002
Group h0	Ref	Ref	Ref
Group h1	7.99 (4.82, 13.22) < 0.0001	7.61 (4.35, 13.32) < 0.0001	4.28 (2.11, 8.70) < 0.0001
Group i0	Ref	Ref	Ref
Group i1	4.14 (2.24, 7.65) < 0.0001	5.52 (2.84, 10.73) < 0.0001	3.81 (1.80, 8.07) 0.0005
Group j0	Ref	Ref	Ref
Group j1	16.41 (10.68, 25.20) < 0.0001	7.92 (4.89, 12.83) < 0.0001	3.73 (1.96, 7.10) < 0.0001
Group k0	Ref	Ref	Ref
Group k1	5.93 (3.20, 11.00) < 0.0001	5.69 (2.73, 11.86) < 0.0001	3.75 (1.29, 10.91) 0.0153
Group l0	Ref	Ref	Ref
Group l1	17.34 (8.43, 35.68) < 0.0001	7.37 (3.38, 16.08) < 0.0001	6.10 (1.82, 20.41) 0.0033
Group m0	Ref	Ref	Ref
Group m1	12.33 (6.47, 23.47) < 0.0001	6.72 (3.25, 13.89) < 0.0001	3.19 (0.96, 10.55) 0.0579
Group n0	Ref	Ref	Ref
Group n1	9.11 (5.02, 16.55) < 0.0001	8.08 (4.18, 15.59) < 0.0001	4.42 (1.88, 10.40) 0.0007
Group o0	Ref	Ref	Ref
Group o1	4.36 (2.03, 9.37) 0.0002	6.61 (2.92, 14.96) < 0.0001	3.42 (1.32, 8.83) 0.0110
Group p0	Ref	Ref	Ref
Group p1	12.09 (5.44, 26.85) < 0.0001	9.34 (3.97, 21.93) < 0.0001	4.65 (1.52, 14.22) 0.0071
Group q0	Ref	Ref	Ref
Group q1	22.15 (9.40, 52.19) < 0.0001	10.60 (4.15, 27.06) < 0.0001	14.18 (2.23, 90.05) 0.0049
Group r0	Ref	Ref	Ref
Group r1	10.64 (4.44, 25.47) < 0.0001	7.93 (2.84, 22.20) < 0.0001	2.33 (0.36, 15.15) 0.3762
Group s0	Ref	Ref	Ref
Group s1	23.17 (7.32, 73.39) < 0.0001	18.37 (4.30, 78.48) < 0.0001	5.29 (0.13, 215.64) 0.3784

Non-adjusted model adjust for: None
Adjust I model adjust for: Sex; Age; Race
Adjust II model adjust for: Sex; Age; Race; A; ALT; AST; BUN; CR; TB; UA; Alcohol; Anti-platelet; β-blockers; ACEI/ARB; Statin; Diuretic; Anticoagulant
(a): smoke, central obesity, higher TG; (b): smoke, central obesity, lower HDL-c; (c): smoke, central obesity, HTN; (d): smoke, central obesity, DM; (e): smoke, higher TG, lower HDL-c; (f): smoke, higher TG, HTN; (g): smoke, higher TG, DM; (h): smoke, lower HDL-c, HTN; (i): smoke, lower HDL-c, DM; (j): smoke, HTN, DM; (k): smoke, central obesity, higher TG, lower HDL-c; (l): smoke, central obesity, higher TG, HTN; (m): smoke, central obesity, higher TG, DM; (n): smoke, higher TG, lower HDL-c, HTN; (o): smoke, higher TG, lower HDL-c, DM; (p): smoke, lower HDL-c, HTN, DM; (q): smoke, central obesity, higher TG, lower HDL-c, HTN; (r): smoke, central obesity, higher TG, lower HDL-c, DM; (s): smoke, central obesity, higher TG, lower HDL-c, HTN,DM
Group 0 is negative and group 1 is positive

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ISSN: 1471-2261

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