Table 1 Participant characteristics by gender and race/ethnicity, MASALA and CARDIA
Characteristics | Men | Women | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
South Asian N = 285 | White N = 722 | Black N = 519 | South Asian N = 228 | White N = 832 | Black N = 767 | |
Age | 56.5 ± 6.7 | 50.6 ± 3.4 | 49.2 ± 3.8 | 55.7 ± 6.8 | 50.7 ± 3.4 | 49.6 ± 3.8 |
Educational attainment, yrs | 18.5 ± 2.3 | 15.9 ± 2.6 | 14.0 ± 2.2 | 17.8 ± 2.8 | 16.0 ± 2.4 | 14.5 ± 2.2 |
Alcohol drinks/week | 2.3 ± 3.9 | 7.2 ± 10.8 | 6.3 ± 13.6 | 0.7 ± 1.9 | 4.1 ± 6.2 | 2.2 ± 5.0 |
Smoking status: Never | 202 (70.9%) | 454 (63.7%) | 293 (57.2%) | 218 (95.6%) | 477 (58.1%) | 471(62.6%) |
 Past | 69 (24.2%) | 165 (23.1%) | 85 (16.6%) | 8 (3.5%) | 242 (29.5%) | 130 (17.3%) |
 Current | 14 (4.9%) | 94 (13.2%) | 134 (26.2%) | 2 (0.9%) | 102 (12.4%) | 151 (20.1%) |
Height, m | 1.71 ± 0.07 | 1.78 ± 0.07 | 1.77 ± 0.07 | 1.58 ± 0.06 | 1.65 ± 0.06 | 1.64 ± 0.07 |
Weight, kg | 77.2 ± 11.5 | 91.7 ± 17.6 | 93.6 ± 21.0 | 67.2 ± 11.8 | 76.6 ± 19.4 | 88.3 ± 21.7 |
BMI, kg/m2 | 26.5 ± 3.6 | 28.9 ± 5.0 | 29.8 ± 6.0 | 27.0 ± 4.3 | 28.2 ± 7.1 | 32.7 ± 7.6 |
Waist circumference, cm | 96.7 ± 8.9 | 98.7 ± 13.0 | 98.0 ± 14.2 | 91.8 ± 10.8 | 86.7 ± 15.6 | 94.7 ± 15.1 |
Systolic BP, mmHg | 128 ± 15 | 119 ± 14 | 125 ± 14 | 123 ± 17 | 112 ± 15 | 123 ± 17 |
Diastolic BP, mmHg | 79 ± 9 | 74 ± 10 | 78 ± 11 | 73 ± 9 | 70 ± 10 | 78 ± 11 |
Total cholesterol, mg/dl | 179 ± 40 | 192 ± 37 | 187 ± 36 | 199 ± 38 | 198 ± 34 | 191 ± 40 |
HDL-cholesterol, mg/dl | 45 ± 12 | 49 ± 14 | 53 ± 15 | 56 ± 15 | 66 ± 19 | 61 ± 17 |
LDL-cholesterol, mg/dl | 108 ± 35 | 115 ± 33 | 112 ± 34 | 117 ± 35 | 111 ± 31 | 110 ± 34 |
Triglycerides, mg/dl | 141 ± 87 | 146 ± 127 | 114 ± 75 | 129 ± 58 | 105 ± 66 | 98 ± 69 |
Fasting glucose, mg/dl | 114 ± 27 | 103 ± 32 | 104 ± 33 | 104 ± 19 | 93 ± 18 | 99 ± 30 |
Hba1c, % | 6.2 ± 0.9 | 5.6 ± 1.0 | 6.0 ± 1.3 | 6.1 ± 0.8 | 5.4 ± 0.6 | 5.8 ± 1.0 |
Diabetes | 94 (33.0%) | 61 (8.4%) | 77 (14.8%) | 48 (21.1%) | 48 (5.8%) | 99 (12.9%) |
Hypertension | 141 (49.5%) | 218 (30.2%) | 223 (43.0%) | 78 (34.2%) | 185 (22.2%) | 381 (49.7%) |
Cholesterol medication use | 114 (40.0%) | 143 (19.8%) | 81 (15.7%) | 52 (22.8%) | 86 (10.4%) | 128 (16.7%) |
Diabetes medication use | 71 (24.9%) | 36 (5.0%) | 53 (10.2%) | 32 (14.0%) | 25 (3.0%) | 73 (9.5%) |
Hypertension medication use | 100 (35.1%) | 168 (23.3%) | 172 (33.1%) | 59 (25.9%) | 141 (16.9%) | 307 (40.0%) |
CAC score 0 | 87 (30.5%) | 384 (53.2%) | 348 (67.1%) | 159 (69.7%) | 693 (83.3%) | 625 (81.5%) |
CAC score 1–99 | 107 (37.5%) | 218 (30.2%) | 109 (21.0%) | 47 (20.6%) | 102 (12.3%) | 99 (12.9%) |
CAC score ≥ 100 | 91 (31.9%) | 120 (16.6%) | 62 (12.0%) | 22 ( 9.6%) | 37 ( 4.4%) | 43 ( 5.6%) |