- Improvement in exercise capacity was assessed using the study outcomes on peak VO2 and VE/VCO2 slope by CPET, or 6MWD. Improvement in LV function was assessed using the study outcomes on LVEF, cardiac output, and cardiac index. Reduction in pulmonary pressures was assessed using the study outcomes on mPAP, PCWP and PVR by cardiac catheterization, or PASP by echocardiogram. The grey-colored rows indicate the trials for HF with probable Cpc-PH, as suggested by elevated TPG and DPG values, showing consistent improvements in exercise capacity, LV function, and pulmonary hemodynamics
-
Abbreviations: HFrEF heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, HFpEF heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, PH pulmonary hypertension, EOB exercise oscillatory breathing, MI myocardial infarction, mPAP mean pulmonary arterial pressure, dPAP diastolic pulmonary arterial pressure, PCWP pulmonary capillary wedge pressure, TPG transpulmonary gradient, DPG diastolic pulmonary gradient, LV left ventricle, N/A not applicable
-
a Converted from echocardiographic PASP by the following equation: mPAP (mmHg) = (0.61 × PASP [mmHg]) + 2 mmHg [21]
-
b Sub-analysis of ‘Lewis GD et al. [5]’ [22]
-
c Sub-analysis of ‘Redfield et al. [13]’, the RELAX trial [14]
