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Table 1 Characteristics, cardiovascular risk factors, comorbidities and measurements according to heart failure stages

From: Heart failure in patients with coronary heart disease: Prevalence, characteristics and guideline implementation – Results from the German EuroAspire IV cohort

 

Stage of Heart Failure

 

A

B

C

p

N (%)

20 (3.9)

264 (51.9)

225 (44.2)

 

Age (years), mean (SD)

56.3 (8.3)

66.8 (8.2)

68.1 (9.1)

<0.0011

Male sex, n (%)

16 (80.0)

221 (83.7)

180 (80.0)

0.5142

Time since index event (months), mean (SD)

20.4 (8.6)

20.8 (9.1)

22.2 (8.7)

0.1941

Index event

 Acute, n (%)

20 (100)

259 (98.5)

223 (99.6)

0.9492

 Primary CHD event, n (%)

4 (20.0)

71 (26.9)

54 (24.0)

0.6962

Affected vessels

 Main left coronary artery, n (%)

0

15 (6.8)

18 (9.5)

0.3642

 LAD, n (%)

11 (64.7)

145 (65.9)

140 (74.1)

0.1712

 RCX, n (%)

9 (52.9)

106 (48.2)

93 (49.2)

0.9122

 RCA, n (%)

7 (41.2)

117 (53.2)

96 (50.8)

0.622

Number of affected vessels

   

0.6992

 1, n (%)

9 (52.9)

100 (45.5)

85 (45.0)

 

 2, n (%)

6 (35.3)

68 (30.9)

62 (32.8)

 3, n (%)

2 (11.8)

44 (20.0)

40 (21.2)

Duration of CHD (years), median (IQR)

2.0 (1.4–3.4)

2.8 (1.9–10.1)

2.9 (2.0–9.9)

0.0273

Treatment for index event

   

0.4172

 Conservative, n (%)

6 (30.0)

38 (14.4)

37 (16.4)

 

 CABG, n (%)

2 (10.0)

45 (17.0)

32 (14.2)

 PCI, n (%)

12 (60.0)

181 (68.6)

156 (69.3)

Cardiovascular risk factors and comorbidities

 Smokinga, n (%)

5 (25.0)

27 (10.2)

19 (8.4)

0.0712

 Obesityb, n (%)

8 (40.0)

96 (36.5)

80 (35.9)

0.9322

 LDL > = 2.6 mmol/L, n (%)

8 (44.4)

123 (49.0)

88 (41.9)

0.3242

 Hypertensionc, n (%)

3 (15.0)

128 (48.7)

94 (41.8)

0.0072

 Diabetes melltiusd, n (%)

7 (35.0)

102 (38.8)

87 (39.4)

0.9472

 Chronic kidney diseasee, n (%)

1 (5.0)

51 (19.3)

76 (34.7)

<0.0012

Measurements

 BMI (kg/m2), median (IQR)

27.7 (25.1–33.5)

28.4 (26.3–31.1)

28.7 (26.1–31.1)

0.9263

 Systolic BP (mmHg), median (IQR)

119 (114–128)

138 (126–152)

133 (123–148)

<0.0013

 Diastolic BP (mmHg), median (IQR)

75 (66–80)

81 (73–88)

80 (73–86)

0.0173

 Heart rate (min-1), median (IQR)

57 (55–64)

61 (56–69)

63 (58–70)

0.0153

 Sinus rhythm, n (%)

20 (100)

238 (93.0)

186 (90.7)

0.3682

 LDL Cholesterol (mmol/L), median (IQR)

2.6 (2.2–3.4)

2.6 (2.1–3.1)

2.5 (2.0–3.1)

0.6233

 HbA1c (%), median (IQR)

5.6 (5.3–6.0)

5.7 (5.5–6.3)

5.8 (5.4–6.2)

0.3763

 NT-proBNP (pg/mL), median (IQR)

76 (35–146)

146 (78.5–312.5)

245 (113.3–626.8)

<0.0013

 Hs-TnT (pg/mL), median (IQR)

6.1 (5.4–18.5)

8.8 (6.6–11.8)

10.0 (7.1–14.9)

0.0123

  1. SD standard deviation, LAD left anterior descending coronary artery, RCX left circumflex coronary artery, RCA right coronary artery, CHD coronary heart disease, IQR interquartile range, CABG coronary artery bypass graft, PCI percutaneous coronary intervention, LDL low densitiy lipoprotein, BMI body mass index, HbA1c haemoglobin A1c, NT-proBNP N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide, hs-TnT high-sensitive troponin T, BP blood pressure
  2. 1 ANCOVA
  3. 2 Fisher’s exact test
  4. 3 Kruskal-Wallis test
  5. acurrent smoker
  6. bBMI ≥ 30 kg/m2
  7. csystolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mmHg or in patients with diabetes: systolic ≥140, diastolic ≥85 mmHg; >80 yrs.: systolic ≥150, diastolic ≥90 mmHg, chronic kidney disease systolic ≥130, diastolic ≥90 mmHg
  8. dself reported or impaired fasting glucose or impaired glucose tolerance
  9. eglomerular filtration rate < 60 mL/min/kg
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BMC Cardiovascular Disorders

ISSN: 1471-2261

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