Table 1 Distributions of risk factors in 27 227 individuals in relation to smokeless tobacco (snuff)
From: Swedish snuff and incidence of cardiovascular disease. A population-based cohort study
Men (n = 10 473) | Women (n = 16 754) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Snuff non users (n = 9 736) | Snuff users (n = 737) | P value | Snuff non users (n = 16 679) | Snuff users (n = 75) | P value | |
Age (years) | 59.2 ± 7.6 | 56.8 ± 6.7 | <0.001 | 57.4 ± 7.9 | 54.6 ± 7.2 | 0.002 |
Blood pressure (BP, mm Hg) | ||||||
Systolic | 143.9 ± 19.3 | 143.0 ± 19.3 | 0.227 | 139.2 ± 20.2 | 134.4 ± 21.2 | 0.040 |
Diastolic | 88.0 ± 9.8 | 88.2 ± 9.9 | 0.587 | 84.0 ± 9.7 | 82.0 ± 10.4 | 0.090 |
Hypertension, % (n) | 65.2 (6351) | 65.8 (485) | 0.708 | 53.2 (8872) | 37.3 (28) | 0.006 |
Use of BP lowering treatment, % (n) | 14.9 (110) | 0.016 | 15.7 (2623) | 9.3 (7) | 0.129 | |
BMI (kg/m2) | 26.2 ± 3.5 | 26.6 ± 3.5 | 0.004 | 25.4 ± 4.2 | 25.1 ± 3.9 | 0.528 |
Diabetes mellitus %(n) | 3.9 (368) | 3.9 (29) | 0.832 | 2.4 (398) | 1.3 (1) | 0.551 |
Smoking habits | ||||||
Never smoker, % (n) | 30.3 (2946) | 9.1 (67) | 0.000 | 44.4 (7404) | 36.0 (27) | 0.144 |
Ex-smoker, % (n) | 41.2 (4014) | 57.0 (420) | 0.000 | 27.6 (4599) | 36.0 (27) | 0.103 |
Current smoker,%(n) | 28.5 (2776) | 33.9 (250) | 0.002 | 28.0 (4676) | 28.0 (21) | 0.995 |
Daily (grs) cigarette consumption by current smokers | 16.1 ± 9.0 | 12.3 ± 9.7 | 0.001 | 12.9 ± 7.1 | 7.8 ± 6.4 | 0.001 |
Occupational status | ||||||
Low level, % (n) | 45.4 (3866) | 57.0 (369) | 0.000 | 44.3 (6522) | 25.2 (25) | 0.122 |
Medium level, % (n) | 18.0 (1532) | 13.8 (89) | 0.007 | 20.0 (2944) | 23.9 (17) | 0.409 |
High level, % (n) | 14.5 (1234) | 11.3 (73) | 0.025 | 14.2 (2092) | 22.5 (16) | 0.460 |
Others, % (n) | 22.2 (1889) | 17.9 (116) | 0.212 | 21.4 (3151) | 18.3 (13) | 0.524 |
Civil status | ||||||
Single, % (n) | 27.0 (2630) | 32.6 (240) | 0.001 | 39.2 (6545) | 46.7 (35) | 0.117 |