Table 1 Descriptive characteristics of the study population
T2DM | Controls | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Men | Women | Men | Women | |||||
(n = 202) | (n = 201) | (n = 391) | (n = 408) | |||||
Variables (Units) | Mean | (SD) | Mean | (SD) | Mean | (SD) | Mean | (SD) |
Age (years) | 69.4 | (9.3) | 70.7 | (10.2) | 60.8 | (13.1) | 59.5 | (12.4) |
Waist hip ratio (WHR) (cm) | 0.96 | (0.06) | 0.88 | (0.07) | 0.93 | (0.08) | 0.81 | (0.08) |
Body Mass Index (BMI) (kg m-2) | 27.9 | (3.7) | 28.9 | (4.9) | 26.0 | (3.6) | 26.0 | (4.7) |
Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 154 | (18.5) | 154 | (18.6) | 133 | (18.2) | 136 | (18.1) |
Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 86 | (9.7) | 83 | (10.4) | 76 | (9.5) | 74 | (10.1) |
Triglycerides (mmol/L) | 1.6 | (0.9) | 1.6 | (0.8) | 1.2 | (0.8) | 1.1 | (0.8) |
Total Cholesterol (mmol/L) | 5.7 | (1.1) | 6.0 | (1.2) | 5.9 | (1.1) | 6.1 | (1.2) |
LDL Cholesterol (mmol/L) | 3.9 | (1.0) | 4.1 | (1.1) | 4.3 | (1.0) | 4.3 | (1.1) |
HDL Cholesterol (mmol/L) | 1.0 | (0.23) | 1.1 | (0.25) | 1.1 | (0.24) | 1.2 | (0.24) |
n | (%) | n | (%) | n | (%) | n | (%) | |
Smoking (yes or no) | 41 | (25.0) | 27 | (28.2) | 83 | (22.2) | 76 | (17.5) |
High leisure time physical activity | 27 | (10.6) | 8 | (4.9) | 122 | (32.9) | 81 | (19.6) |
Glu298Glu | 112 | (55.5) | 110 | (54.7) | 195 | (49.9) | 212 | (52.0) |
Glu298Asp | 75 | (37.1) | 78 | (38.8) | 157 | (40.1) | 165 | (40.4) |
Asp298Asp | 15 | (7.4) | 13 | (6.5) | 39 | (10.0) | 31 | (7.6) |