Prognostic significance of heart rate turbulence parameters in patients with chronic heart failure

Table 3 Comparison of CHF patients with different prognosis

Factors	Non-deteriorating group (n = 62)	Deteriorating group (n = 32)	Non-survivor group (n = 10)
Age	64.78 ± 11.92	60.63 ± 10.25	60.12 ± 10.34
TO	0.33 ± 1.64	0.23 ± 1.53	0.95 ± 1.63
TS	2.50 ± 2.61	2.15 ± 1.82^※	0.87 ± 1.33^※#
LVEDD	44.58 ± 10.12	41.24 ± 7.24	26.82 ± 8.86^※
LVEF	56.15 ± 7.17	53.31 ± 9.01	61.01 ± 9.40
SDNN	102.88 ± 36.98	97.28 ± 34.88	95.57 ± 31.66^※
RHR	76.65 ± 15.23	83.48 ± 12.76	89.58 ± 14.07^※
TC	4.56 ± 4.36	4.16 ± 0.16	3.16 ± 0.62
Hcy	8.59 ± 2.06	14.55 ± 4.11	16.95 ± 6.30
CRP	7.71 ± 1.22	11.84 ± 2.96	12.67 ± 5.67

CHF, chronic heart failure; TO, turbulence onset; TS, turbulence onset; LVEDD, left ventricular end-diastolic diameter; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; SDNN, standard deviation of N-N intervals; RHR, resting heart rate; TC, total cholesterol; Hcy, homocysteine; CRP, C-reaction protein; ^※ P < 0.05 compared with the non-deteriorating group; ^# P < 0.05 compared with the non-deteriorating group.

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