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Table 2 Association between ACE I/D polymorphisms and ACS risk factors

From: Angiotensin converting enzyme DD genotype is associated with acute coronary syndrome severity and sudden cardiac death in Taiwan: a case-control emergency room study

ACE genotypes

II (n = 37)

 

ID (n = 51)

  

DD (n = 23)

  

ACS risk factors

   

Univariate

  

Univariate

 
 

n

 

n

OR (95%CI)

p *

n

OR (95%CI)

p *

ACS spectrum

        

UAP (n = 57)

22

1 (ref.)

28

  

7

  

AMI (n = 54)

15

 

23

1.205 (0.511-2.839)

0.670

16

3.352 (1.111-10.115)

0.032

Demographic factors

        

Age (mean)

67.7 ± 11.1

1 (ref.)

64.2 ± 13.5

0.981 (0.949-1.013)

0.232

62.4 ± 18.1

0.972 (0.935-1.010)

0.149

Sex -female

10

1 (ref.)

8

  

7

  

male

27

 

43

2.352 (0.733-7.543)

0.150

16

1.181 (0.375-3.719)

0.776

Complications

        

Hypertension- No

10

1 (ref.)

20

  

11

  

- Yes

27

 

31

0.574 (0.229-1.437)

0.236

12

0.404 (0.135-1.206)

0.104

Diabetes Mellitus-No

25

1 (ref.)

33

  

17

  

- Yes

12

 

18

0.880 (0.359-2.157)

0.780

6

1.360 (0.427-4.328)

0.603

Hypercholesterolemia-No

31

1 (ref.)

39

  

19

  

- Yes

6

 

12

0.629 (0.212-1.866)

0.403

4

0.919 (0.229-3.684)

0.905

Other clinical risk factors

        

Systolic blood pressure

22

1 (ref.)

38

  

13

  

< 140 mmHg

        

≥ 140 mmHg

15

 

13

0.502 (0.202-1.246)

0.137

10

1.128 (0.393-3.236)

0.822

Diastolic blood pressure

27

1 (ref.)

45

  

16

  

< 90 mmHg

        

≥ 90 mmHg

10

 

6

0.360 (0.118-1.102)

0.074

7

1.181 (0.375-3.719)

0.776

Total cholesterol < 200 mg/dl

31

1 (ref.)

46

  

17

  

≥ 200 mg/dl

6

 

5

0.562 (0.158-2.002)

0.374

6

1.824 (0.509-6.538)

0.356

Triglyceride < 150 mg/dl

34

1(ref.)

42

  

17

  

≥ 150 mg/dl

3

 

9

1.768 (0.500-6.251)

0.377

6

2.912 (0.722-11.736)

0.133

BMI (kg/m2) < 27

35

1 (ref.)

43

  

21

  

≥ 27

2

 

8

3.256 (0.649-16.328)

0.151

2

1.667 (0.218-12.732)

0.622

History

        

Heart failure history-No

29

1 (ref.)

41

  

16

  

-Yes

8

 

10

0.884 (0.311-2.512)

0.817

7

1.586 (0.485-5.181)

0.445

CAD history -No

22

1 (ref.)

32

  

17

  

-Yes

15

 

19

0.871 (0.366-2.074)

0.755

6

0.518 (0.166-1.617)

0.257

MI history -No

34

1 (ref.)

46

  

21

  

-Yes

3

 

5

1.232 (0.275-5.512)

0.785

2

1.079 (0.166-7.004)

0.936

Family history of ACS

35

1 (ref.)

50

  

22

  

-Yes

2

 

1

0.350 (0.031-4.012)

0.399

1

0.795 (0.068-9.301)

0.855

Smoking

20

1 (ref.)

29

  

11

  

-Yes

17

 

22

0.892 (0.381-2.091)

0.793

12

1.283 (0.452-3.641)

0.639

  1. On the basis of logistic regression, with statistical significance (p < 0.05) shown in bold. Multivariate analyses were not performed as only the DD genotype was significantly associated with AMI
  2. ACE, angiotensin converting enzyme, UAP: unstable angina pectoris; AMI: acute myocardial infarction, CAD: coronary artery disease; MI: myocardial infarction.
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BMC Cardiovascular Disorders

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