Table 4 Association between LA parameters, clinical or other echocardiographic variables, and VO_2max (mL/kg/min) in the univariate and multivariate linear regression analyses: P value, coefficient (95% confidence interval)

Univariate

 < 0.0001;0.23 (0.13 to 0.33)

0.019; 0.18 (0.03 to 0.32)

0.001; 0.25 (0.10 to 0.41)

 < 0.0001;  − 0.13 ( − 0.17 to  − 0.08)

 < 0.0001;  − 0.16 ( − 0.22 to  − 0.10)

Model 1

 < 0.0001;0.19 (0.09 to 0.28)

0.004; 0.19 (0.06 to 0.32)

0.032; 0.16 (0.010 to 0.31)

 < 0.0001;  − 0.10 ( − 0.15 to  − 0.05)

 < 0.0001;  − 0.13 ( − 0.19 to  − 0.07)

Model 2

0.001; 0.19 (0.08 to 0.29)

0.140;  − 0.143 ( − 0.28 to  − 0.00)

0.015;  − 0.18 ( − 0.33 to  − 0.04)

 < 0.0001;  − 0.10 ( − 0.16 to  − 0.05)

 < 0.0001;  − 0.13 ( − 0.21 to  − 0.06)

Model 3

0.003; 0.18 (0.07 to 0.29)

0.114;  − 0.12 ( − 0.28 to 0.03)

0.021;  − 0.19 ( − 0.35 to  − 0.03)

0.002;  − 0.10 ( − 0.15 to  − 0.04)

0.003;  − 0.11 ( − 0.19 to  − 0.04)