Table 1 The demographics of the cohort

Numbers

2342

1696

646

Male (%)

1216 (51.9)

851 (50.2)

365 (56.5)

Age (year), median [IQR]

71.65 [61.24, 81.50]

69.72 [59.01, 80.36]

75.50 [67.11, 83.40]

Ethnicity (%)

 American Indian/Alaska native

7 (0.3)

6 (0.4)

1 (0.2)

 Asian

55 (2.3)

38 (2.2)

17 (2.6)

 Black/African American

245 (10.5)

202 (11.9)

43 (6.7)

 Hispanic/Latino

73 (3.1)

57 (3.4)

16 (2.5)

 Other

96 (4.1)

79 (4.7)

17 (2.6)

 Unable to obtain

33 (1.4)

24 (1.4)

9 (1.4)

 Unknown

310 (13.2)

221 (13.0)

89 (13.8)

 White

1523 (65.0)

1069 (63.0)

454 (70.3)

Length of hospital stay (day), median [IQR]

11.07 [7.21, 17.04]

10.20 [6.84, 16.43]

12.96 [8.73, 19.06]

Hospital mortality (%)

292 (12.5)

181 (10.7)

111 (17.2)

Length of ICU stay(day), median [IQR]

4.15 [2.90, 6.92]

3.82 [2.71, 5.85]

5.81 [3.67, 9.91]

Charlson comorbidity index, median [IQR]

7.00 [6.00, 9.00]

7.00 [5.00, 9.00]

8.00 [6.00, 9.00]

SOFA score, median [IQR]

6.00 [4.00, 9.00]

6.00 [3.00, 8.00]

7.00 [5.00, 10.00]

APS III, mean (SD)

53.25 (23.99)

50.78 (22.92)

59.73 (25.52)

Mean blood pressure(mmHg), median [IQR]

75.07 [69.21, 82.13]

75.56 [69.48, 82.92]

73.76 [68.82, 80.10]

Heart rate, median [IQR]

84.51 [74.10, 95.20]

83.86 [73.72, 94.61]

85.92 [75.79, 96.92]

Temperature (℃), median [IQR]

36.80 [36.57, 37.11]

36.82 [36.58, 37.13]

36.76 [36.53, 37.05]

SpO2(%), median [IQR]

96.64 [95.08, 98.12]

96.57 [95.09, 98.03]

96.81 [95.03, 98.32]

Respiratory rate, median [IQR]

13.00 [11.00, 16.00]

13.00 [11.00, 16.00]

13.00 [10.00, 15.00]

White blood cell (*109/L), (median [IQR])

11.80 [8.65, 15.60]

11.45 [8.45, 15.30]

12.47 [9.26, 16.75]

Hemoglobin (g/dl), median [IQR]

10.55 [9.10, 12.20]

10.55 [9.10, 12.20]

10.55 [9.10, 12.09]

Hematocrit (%), mean (SD)

32.30 [28.00, 37.30]

32.30 [28.00, 37.45]

32.15 [28.01, 37.12]

Albumin (g/dl), median [IQR]

3.30 [2.90, 3.70]

3.30 [2.90, 3.70]

3.30 [2.90, 3.69]

Anion gap (mmol/L), median [IQR]

15.50 [13.00, 17.50]

15.00 [13.00, 17.50]

15.50 [13.50, 18.00]

HCO3-(mmol/L), median [IQR]

23.00 [20.38, 26.00]

23.50 [20.50, 26.50]

22.50 [20.00, 25.50]

BUN (mg/dl), median [IQR]

27.50 [18.50, 44.00]

26.50 [18.00, 42.25]

30.00 [19.50, 49.38]

Creatine (mg/dl), median [IQR]

1.25 [0.90, 2.00]

1.25 [0.90, 1.95]

1.35 [0.95, 2.15]

Calcium(mmol/L), median [IQR]

8.45 [8.00, 8.85]

8.45 [8.00, 8.90]

8.35 [7.95, 8.75]

Blood glucose (mg/dl), median [IQR]

142.50 [115.50, 183.50]

141.00 [115.00, 182.50]

147.25 [117.00, 189.50]

Sodium (mmol/L), median [IQR]

138.00 [135.50, 140.50]

138.00 [135.50, 140.50]

138.00 [135.12, 140.50]

Potassium (mmol/L), median [IQR]

4.25 [3.90, 4.70]

4.20 [3.90, 4.65]

4.30 [4.00, 4.80]

PT(s), median [IQR]

14.00 [12.50, 16.40]

13.70 [12.40, 15.85]

14.75 [12.90, 17.60]

PTT(s), mean (SD)

45.02 (24.22)

44.54 (24.45)

46.23 (23.63)

Alanine aminotransferase(U/L), median [IQR]

32.00 [18.00, 75.50]

32.00 [18.00, 68.00]

33.00 [17.38, 94.25]

Aspartate aminotransferase(U/L), median [IQR]

45.50 [27.50, 122.50]

45.00 [27.00, 109.00]

49.25 [28.00, 147.00]

Total bilirubin(mg/dL), median [IQR]

0.65 [0.40, 1.10]

0.60 [0.40, 1.10]

0.65 [0.40, 1.10]

Troponin-T (ng/ml), median [IQR]

0.28 [0.07, 1.24]

0.29 [0.07, 1.27]

0.26 [0.07, 1.18]

NT-proBNP (pg/ml), median [IQR]

5168.00 [2058.50, 13,115.75]

4838.50 [1986.50, 12,914.50]

6080.00 [2449.75, 13,581.50]

Dialysis activated within 24 h in ICU (%)

69 (2.9)

49 (2.9)

20 (3.1)

Urine output(ml/kg) (median [IQR])

0.84 [0.49, 1.38]

0.89 [0.52, 1.43]

0.72 [0.41, 1.22]

The usage of the vasoactive agent in the first 24 h, (%)

1030 (44.0)

669 (39.4)

361 (55.9)

Mechanical ventilation within the first 24 h in ICU (%)

1042 (44.5)

706 (41.6)

336 (52.0)