Table 6 Factors associated with ADRs among hospitalized heart failure patients at MRRH, Southwestern Uganda from November 2021 to January 2022

Age*

≤18

11 (42.3)

15 (57.4)

1

1

19–59

29 (60.4)

19 (39.6)

0.48 [0.18–1.27]

0.138

0.15 [0.03–0.35]

0.013

≥60

8 (18.2)

36 (81.8)

3.30[1.11–9.83]

0.032

1.97 [0.45–9.13]

0.384

Gender

Male

19 (41.3)

27 (58.7)

1

Female

29 (40.2)

43 (59.8)

1.04 [0.94–2.21]

0.912

#

#

Education *

No formal Education

20 (37.7)

33 (62.3)

8.25[1.64–41.55]

0.011

2.02 [0.24–16.8]

0.515

Primary

18 (33.9)

35 (66.1)

9.7[1.9–49.18]

0.006

2.26 [0.29–17.41]

0.433

Secondary and above

10 (83.3)

2 (16.7%)

1

1

Occupation

Unemployed

18 (42.9)

24 (57.1)

2 [0.3–13.24]

0.472

#

#

Self – employed

27 (38.1)

44 (61.9)

2.44 [0.38–15.58]

0.344

#

#

Employed

3 (60)

2 (40)

1

Disease Duration *

New

26(46.4)

30 (53.6)

1

1

Known

22 (35.5)

40 (64.5)

1.58 [0.75–3.30]

0.228

1.15 [0.36–3.67]

0.810

Previous hospital admission*

Yes

27 (34.6)

51 (65.4)

2.09 [0.96–4.54]

0.063

2.09 [0.68 - 6.44]

0.202

No

21 (52.5)

19 (47.5)

1

1

Length of hospital stay*

≤5

18 (66.7)

9 (33.3)

1

1

6–10

20 (33.9)

39 (66.1)

3.9 [1.49–10.23]

0.006

0.71 [0.16–3.28]

0.670

≥11

10 (31.2)

22 (68.8)

4.4 [1.47–13.15]

0.008

0.64 [0.11–3.67]

0.615

Counseling

Yes

44 (41.1)

63 (58.9)

0.82 [0.23–2.97]

0.76

#

#

No

4 (36.4)

7 (63.6)

1

Comorbidity

Yes

39 (41.9)

54 (58.1)

0.78 [0.31–1.95]

0.592

#

#

No

9 (36)

16 (64)

1

OTC use within the past 4 weeks*

Yes

14 (33.3)

28 (66.7)

1.62 [0.74–3.5]

0.229

1.41 [0.45–4.39]

0.558

No

34 (44.7)

42 (55.3)

1

Herbal use within the past 4 weeks*

Yes

10 (19.2)

42(80.8)

5.7 [2.45–13.27]

0.001

3.07 [1.01–9.32]

0.048

No

38 (57.6)

28(42.4)

1

Smoking history

Yes

6 (31.5)

13 (68.5)

1.6 [0.56–4.55]

0.381

#

#

No

42 (42.4)

57 (57.6)

1

Alcohol use history

Yes

11 (33.3)

22 (66.7)

1.54 [0.67–3.58]

0.313

#

#

No

37 (43.5)

48 (56.6)

1

Poly-pharmacy*

Yes

18 (24)

57 (76)

7.31 [3.16–12.92]

0.001

8.7 [2.4–15.77]

0.001

No

30 (69.8)

13 (30.2)

1

1

Drug–Drug interaction*

Yes

17 (21.5)

62 (78.5)

14.13 [5.49–21.34]

0.001

6.06 [2.79–12.5]

0.004

No

31 (79.5)

8 (20.5)

1