Table 2 Univariate analysis for CPET variables

Resting value

 VO₂ rest (ml/min/kg)

3.71 ± 0.78

3.1 ± 0.57

3.22 ± 0.57

3.21 ± 0.56

< 0.0001

 CO rest (l/min)

3.2 ± 1.36

2.73 ± 0.73

2.79 ± 0.68

2.76 ± 0.58

< 0.0001

 HR rest (beats/min)

79.77 ± 11.38

75.73 ± 10.79

72.84 ± 10.56

73.75 ± 10.15

< 0.0001

 VO₂/HR rest (ml/beat)

2.96 ± 0.89

2.85 ± 0.79

3.08 ± 0.77

3.13 ± 0.7

0.0006

AT value

 VO₂ AT (ml/min/kg)

15.21 ± 4.42

11.79 ± 2.74

11.33 ± 2.55

10.41 ± 2.37

< 0.0001

 CO AT (l/min)

7.72 ± 2.89

6.15 ± 1.93

6.05 ± 1.86

5.51 ± 1.47

< 0.0001

  HR AT (beats/min)

123.24 ± 18.89

105.03 ± 14.18

97.53 ± 13.05

96.98 ± 11.86

< 0.0001

 VO₂/HR AT (ml/beat)

8.12 ± 2.33

7.9 ± 2.25

8.17 ± 2.17

7.95 ± 1.95

0.62

  HR/WR AT

(beats/min/W)

1.51 ± 0.42

1.65 ± 0.56

1.59 ± 0.47

1.82 ± 0.64

< 0.0001

  WR AT (W)

89.67 ± 34.38

69.62 ± 22.04

66.55 ± 20.43

58.14 ± 17.42

< 0.0001

Peak Value

 VO₂ peak (ml/min/kg)

21.61 ± 5.83

16.01 ± 4.11

15.66 ± 4.14

13.33 ± 3.4

< 0.0001

 Predicted%VO₂peak (%)

66.96 ± 13.15

68.08 ± 15.09

62.02 ± 15.84

49.7 ± 13.23

< 0.0001

 CO peak (l/min)

8.85 ± 3.16

6.96 ± 2.34

6.87 ± 2.37

6.05 ± 1.79

< 0.0001

 Predicted% CO peak

(%)

54.66 ± 10.68

51.19 ± 10.98

48.35 ± 12.2

40.18 ± 10.07

< 0.0001

 HR peak (beats/min)

149 ± 22.96

126.44 ± 20.53

115.15 ± 18.78

109.07 ± 16.23

< 0.0001

 VO₂/HR peak (ml/beat)

9.52 ± 2.72

8.95 ± 2.62

9.6 ± 2.7

9 ± 2.28

0.03

 HR/WR peak

(beats/min/W)

1.2 ± 0.34

1.37 ± 0.46

1.32 ± 0.49

1.51 ± 0.47

< 0.0001

 WR peak (W)

135.81 ± 46.49

102.55 ± 36.34

98.38 ± 36.91

79.19 ± 28.2

< 0.0001

 VE/VCO₂ slope

25.56 ± 3.95

28.89 ± 5.1

30.14 ± 5.65

29.68 ± 5.61

< 0.0001