Table 1 Characteristics of the included studies

Acet 2014 [29]

360

RET

STEMI

61 ± 14

26.5

36

5

24

56

5

Agarwal 2015 [30]

319

CS

CAD

57 ± 10

23.67

27.5 ± 3.1

30

28

43

Akboga 2015 [31]

1121/380

RET

Angina/HI

Baumann 2016 [32]

803

RET

STEMI

63 ± 13

59

30

24

50

17

Canpolat 2013 [33]

1115

RET

CAD

59 ± 12

55.575

27.8 ± 4.3

64

56

54

37

15

Celik 2014 [34]

536

RET

STEMI

60 ± 12

22.5

26.2 ± 2.6

43

26

54

21

Chung 2016 [35]

1111

RET

STEMI

62 ± 13

23.5

23.5 ± 3

40

23

30

49

5

Ekblom 2010 [36]

618/1184

PROSP

MI/HI

59 ± 14

27.2 ± 1

46

Elmohr 2021 [37]

90

RET

STEMI

57 ± 12

24.5

34

52

33

53

Erkan 2014 [38]

299/76

RET

CAD/HI

65 ± 10

17.4

72

55

40

48

Gul 2013 [39]

1624

RET

STEMI

57 ± 12

15

39

37

25

58

12

Gullu 2005 [40]

160

PROSP

HI

37 ± 7

53.80

25.7 ± 3.3

Hamur 2016 [41]

229

RET

STEMI

63 ± 8

27.5

25.8 ± 1.2

34

42

30

42

13

Hopkins 1996 [42]

161

RET

MI

56 ± 6

25.5

28.7 ± 4.7

14

52

Huang 2017 [43]

3103

RET

CAD

64 ± 11

20.5

24.3 ± 3.3

55

22

13

Hunt 2001 [44]

148/180

PROSP

CAD/HI

62 ± 7

33.11

28.7 ± 5.3

11

Kaya 2014 [45]

403

RET

NSTEMI

65 ± 12

34

26.5 ± 3

50

33

34

Khalil 2019 [46]

70

PROSP

STEMI

57

69

49

Kim 2015 [47]

372

RET

CAD

65 ± 11

37

57

26

33

48

Kishimoto 2020 [48]

124/138

RET

CAD

66 ± 12

40

24.2 ± 4.8

60

37

10

35

Kuwano 2011 [49]

1076

RET

CAD

66 ± 11

17.3

23.6 ± 3.1

76

72

48

33

32

Lai 2018 [50]

12,097

Cohort

HI

63 ± 8

54.4

24 ± 3.2

49

49

16

19

Mahabadi 2014 [51]

3553

Cohort

HI

59 ± 8

56.5

27.8 ± 4.6

32

12

32

Miranda 2016 [52]

145

RET

STEMI

61 ± 13

16

27.5 ± 3.5

56

48

15

52

9

Oda 2012 [53]

5444

Cohort

HI

56 ± 10

22.7 ± 3

17

Sahin 2013 [54]

281

RET

STEMI

61 ± 12

33.5

26.5 ± 2.6

61

Schwertner 1994 [55]

619

RET

CAD

42 ± 7

30

Song 2014 [56]

8593

PROSP

CAD/HI

52 ± 9

47

24.4 ± 3

21

14

25

Tanaka 2009 [57]

637

RET

CAD

69 ± 11

38

23.9 ± 4

16

33

Tatami 2014 [58]

394

RET

CAD

69 ± 9

20

23.6 ± 3.9

77

81

42

25

21

Troughton 2007 [59]

335/670

RET

CAD/HI

27.3 ± 3.6

Turfan 2013 [60]

299

RET

CAD

61 ± 12

46.7

30

27

27

Tuxun 2020 [61]

615

RET

STEMI

58 ± 12

14

25 ± 3.1

Wang 2017 [62]

2478

PROSP

DM

64 ± 8

54

39

100

26

Wei 2012 [63]

1280

RET

Angina

59 ± 8

40.2

59

20

Xu 2018 [64]

405

RET

MI

61 ± 13

14

57

8

21

67

Xu 2019 [65]

533

RET

CAD

60 ± 10

22

25 ± 3.3

56

24

56

Yao 2015 [66]

1419

RET

Angina

61 ± 11

34.5

24 ± 4

54

49

21

32

21

Yu 2017 [67]

347

RET

CAD

64 ± 11

35.1585

68

49

34

27

Zhang 2012 [68]

3408

RET

STEMI

37

12

29

Zhao 2020 [69]

4151

RET

STEMI

58 ± 12

15

60

93

32

69

Zhu 2012 [70]

638

RET

CAD

63 ± 10

50

23.7 ± 1.7

23

40

Zhu 2016 [71]

130

PROSP

CAD/HI

63 ± 10

33.25

25.9 ± 3.8

53

19

32