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Table 1 Baseline characteristics in the clinical recurrence and non-recurrence groups

From: Regional left atrial conduction velocity in the anterior wall is associated with clinical recurrence of atrial fibrillation after catheter ablation: efficacy in combination with the ipsilateral low voltage area

Parameters

No recurrence

N = 90

Clinical recurrence

N = 29

P-value

Age (years)

68.0 ± 8.9

69.0 ± 7.0

0.523

Gender (male/female, %)

57/33 (63.3)

18/11 (62.1)

0.902

Body mass index (kg/m2)

23.5 ± 5.1

22.9 ± 5.5

0.569

Current or former smoker (%)

49 (54.4)

14 (48.3)

0.563

Persistent AF (%)

42 (46.7)

20 (69.0)

0.037

Comorbidity

   

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (%)

14 (15.6)

6 (20.7)

0.571

Hypertension (%)

48 (53.3)

18 (62.1)

0.410

Dyslipidemia (%)

33 (36.7)

6 (20.7)

0.111

Chronic kidney disease (%)

33 (36.7)

10 (34.5)

0.831

Coronary artery disease (%)

7 (7.8)

3 (10.3)

0.704

Congestive heart failure (%)

25 (27.8)

7 (25.0)

0.773

Previous stroke (%)

13 (14.4)

6 (20.7)

0.400

CHADS2 score

1.5 ± 1.2

1.7 ± 1.0

0.564

CHA2DS2-VASc score

2.6 ± 1.6

3.0 ± 1.3

0.258

Medication at admission (%)

   

ACE inhibitor or ARB (%)

44 (48.9)

14 (48.3)

0.954

Beta-blocker (%)

48 (53.3)

14 (48.3)

0.635

Echocardiography

   

LA dimension (mm)

40.0 ± 5.8

42.7 ± 7.5

0.049

LV ejection fraction (%)

64.0 ± 13.6

67.4 ± 11.9

0.228

E/e’

12.6 ± 5.0

11.9 ± 3.2

0.375

LAA emptying velocity (m/s)

48.6 ± 20.9

39.0 ± 20.0

0.049

Primary measurements

   

Anterior LA-LVA (cm2)

9.1 ± 5.9

18.7 ± 13.0

0.001

Posterior LA-LVA (cm2)

5.0 ± 4.5

9.7 ± 7.0

0.002

Anterior model LA-CV (m/s)

0.89 ± 0.24

0.74 ± 0.23

0.005

Posterior model LA-CV (m/s)

0.95 ± 0.24

0.92 ± 0.29

0.575

Coefficient of variation in anterior LA-CV (m/s)

0.46 ± 0.44

0.39 ± 0.42

0.458

Coefficient of variation in posterior LA-CV (m/s)

0.57 ± 0.63

0.46 ± 0.42

0.400

  1. Values are expressed as mean ± standard deviation or number (percentage). AF, atrial fibrillation; ACE, angiotensin converting enzyme; ARB, angiotensin II receptor blocker; LA, left atrium; LV, left ventricular; LAA, left atrial appendage; LVA, low voltage area; CV, conduction velocity