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Table 1 Baseline demographic and clinical parameters according to RDW quartiles

From: Red blood cell distribution width predicts gastrointestinal bleeding after coronary artery bypass grafting

Categories

Overall

Q1

Q2

Q3

Q4

P-value

(N = 4473)

(N = 1153)

(N = 1226)

(N = 1075)

(N = 1019)

Age, years, mean (SD)

69.12 (20.61)

66.75 (19.98)

67.75 (16.85)

70.01 (21.36)

72.50 (23.87)

 < 0.001

Male, n (%)

3350 (74.9)

937 (81.3)

965 (78.7)

786 (73.1)

662 (65.0)

 < 0.001

Ethnicity, n (%)

     

 < 0.001

White

1121 (25.1)

345 (29.9)

309 (25.2)

242 (22.5)

225 (22.1)

 

Black

87 (1.9)

32 (2.8)

29 (2.4)

19 (1.8)

7 (0.7)

 

Asian

108 (2.4)

19 (1.6)

27 (2.2)

33 (3.1)

29 (2.8)

 

Hispanic/Latino

99 (2.2)

29 (2.5)

30 (2.4)

19 (1.8)

21 (2.1)

 

Other

3058 (68.4)

728 (63.1)

831 (67.8)

762 (70.9)

737 (72.3)

 

BMI, kg/m2, mean (SD)

30.15 (90.37)

27.49 (4.67)

34.10 (172.68)

29.22 (5.79)

29.40 (6.41)

0.333

HR, bmp, mean (SD)

84.93 (9.93)

84.90 (9.94)

84.86 (10.11)

84.93 (9.80)

85.04 (9.83)

0.977

SBP, mmHg, mean (SD)

112.78 (9.51)

111.96 (8.95)

112.94 (9.85)

113.01 (9.62)

113.28 (9.53)

0.006

DBP, mmHg, mean (SD)

56.74 (6.50)

56.94 (6.13)

57.23 (6.46)

56.89 (6.61)

55.75 (6.72)

 < 0.001

SpO2, %, mean (SD)

98.00 (1.41)

98.08 (1.44)

97.97 (1.40)

97.94 (1.27)

98.00 (1.52)

0.125

CRUSADE

40.03 (14.36)

36.15 (12.86)

37.59 (13.60)

40.08 (13.84)

47.30 (14.73)

 < 0.001

Comorbidities

  

CHD, n (%)

4451 (99.5)

1150 (99.7)

1221 (99.6)

1067 (99.3)

1013 (99.4)

0.386

AMI, n (%)

1092 (24.4)

271 (23.5)

292 (23.8)

278 (25.9)

251 (24.6)

0.573

PCI, n (%)

1912 (42.7)

558 (48.4)

531 (43.3)

430 (40.0)

393 (38.6)

 < 0.001

CHF, n (%)

1080 (24.1)

166 (14.4)

230 (18.8)

258 (24.0)

426 (41.8)

 < 0.001

Hypertension, n (%)

3005 (67.2)

791 (68.6)

883 (72.0)

752 (70.0)

579 (56.8)

 < 0.001

AF, n (%)

1718 (38.4)

369 (32.0)

429 (35.0)

433 (40.3)

487 (47.8)

 < 0.001

Dyslipidemia, n (%)

1483 (33.2)

352 (30.5)

416 (33.9)

375 (34.9)

340 (33.4)

0.145

DM, n (%)

1712 (38.3)

362 (31.4)

452 (36.9)

417 (38.8)

481 (47.2)

 < 0.001

AKIa, n (%)

3505 (78.4)

849 (73.6)

952 (77.7)

839 (78.0)

865 (84.9)

 < 0.001

CKD, n (%)

420 (9.4)

39 (3.4)

84 (6.9)

87 (8.1)

210 (20.6)

 < 0.001

Sepsis, n (%)

19 (0.4)

0 (0.0)

2 (0.2)

4 (0.4)

13 (1.3)

 < 0.001

GIB, n (%)

47 (1.1)

9 (0.8)

3 (0.2)

15 (1.4)

20 (2.0)

 < 0.001

Coagulopathy, n (%)

279 (6.2)

45 (3.9)

72 (5.9)

67 (6.2)

95 (9.3)

 < 0.001

Anemia, n (%)

2134 (47.7)

462 (40.1)

489 (39.9)

547 (50.9)

636 (62.4)

 < 0.001

Laboratory tests

  

WBC, K/uL, mean (SD)

10.03 (4.56)

9.97 (4.23)

9.95 (4.19)

10.23 (4.57)

9.97 (5.30)

0.440

RBC, m/uL, mean (SD)

3.84 (0.74)

3.90 (0.72)

3.92 (0.74)

3.80 (0.74)

3.74 (0.74)

 < 0.001

Platelet, K/uL, mean (SD)

208.34 (75.99)

210.56 (70.16)

206.31 (69.85)

204.90 (73.27)

211.89 (90.66)

0.098

Hemoglobin, g/dL, mean (SD)

11.71 (2.22)

12.16 (2.20)

12.06 (2.22)

11.58 (2.19)

10.93 (2.04)

 < 0.001

TC, mg/dL, mean (SD)

163.68 (44.79)

170.87 (45.03)

163.98 (39.80)

163.64 (45.28)

153.16 (48.94)

 < 0.001

TG, mg/dL, mean (SD)

141.61 (95.09)

135.51 (87.57)

148.27 (105.20)

139.38 (95.25)

143.07 (89.48)

0.478

LDL, mg/dL, mean (SD)

95.52 (37.75)

100.59 (37.63)

95.49 (34.21)

96.35 (37.43)

87.25 (42.13)

0.005

HDL, mg/dL, mean (SD)

43.68 (13.20)

45.60 (13.10)

43.54 (12.86)

43.66 (13.37)

41.12 (13.30)

0.008

Glucose, mg/dL, mean (SD)

137.97 (66.01)

135.17 (55.76)

138.60 (81.60)

138.98 (63.13)

139.30 (58.26)

0.416

Scr, mg/dL, mean (SD)

1.09 (0.86)

0.94 (0.40)

1.01 (0.73)

1.05 (0.72)

1.41 (1.31)

 < 0.001

BUN, mg/dL, mean (SD)

20.43 (11.21)

18.06 (8.56)

18.92 (9.43)

20.18 (9.89)

25.18 (15.06)

 < 0.001

Uric Acid, mg/dL, mean (SD)

6.61 (2.80)

5.67 (1.88)

5.35 (1.97)

6.66 (2.80)

7.79 (3.14)

 < 0.001

RDW, %, mean (SD)

13.83 (1.29)

12.65 (0.30)

13.35 (0.17)

13.96 (0.20)

15.59 (1.47)

 < 0.001

Medications

  

Aspirin, n (%)

3811 (100.0)

913 (100.0)

1062 (100.0)

939 (100.0)

897 (100.0)

1

Clopidogrel, n (%)

1081 (28.2)

272 (29.5)

294 (27.6)

254 (26.8)

261 (28.8)

0.570

Warfarin, n (%)

1024 (26.6)

190 (20.6)

232 (21.8)

265 (28.0)

337 (37.0)

 < 0.001

Heparin, n (%)

2496 (64.7)

544 (58.8)

671 (62.8)

611 (64.2)

670 (73.2)

 < 0.001

Tirofiban, n (%)

15 (0.4)

6 (0.7)

6 (0.6)

1 (0.1)

2 (0.2)

0.166

Octreotide, n (%)

5 (0.1)

1 (0.1)

0 (0.0)

2 (0.2)

2 (0.2)

0.482

PPI, n (%)

1860 (48.1)

369 (39.9)

480 (44.9)

456 (47.8)

555 (60.5)

 < 0.001

  1. RDW, red cell distribution width; BMI, body mass index; HR, heart rate; bmp, beats per minute; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; SpO2, pulse blood oxygen saturation; CHD, coronary heart disease; AMI, acute myocardial infarction; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; CHF, congestive heart failure; AF, atrial fibrillation; DM, diabetes mellitus; AKI, acute kidney injury; CKD, chronic kidney disease; GIB, gastrointestinal bleeding; WBC, white blood cell; RBC, red blood cell; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglyceride; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; Scr, serum creatinine; BUN, blood urea nitrogen; PPI, proton pump inhibitor
  2. RDW: Q1 (11.2–13.0), Q2 (13.0–13.6), Q3 (13.6–14.3), Q4 (14.3–25.7)
  3. aAKI was defined according to KDIGO guidelines as an increase in serum creatinine (Scr) by ≥ 0.3 mg/dl (≥ 26.5 μmol/l) from baseline within 48 h
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