Table 5 Scores for the EQ-5D-5L based on socio-demographic and clinical factors
Variable | Frequency (%) N = 142 | EQ-5D-5L score median [Q1_Q2] | P value * |
|---|---|---|---|
Age category (years) | |||
< 65 | 67 (47.2) | 0.43 [− 0.23–0.66] | |
65–74 | 53 (37.3) | 0.32 [0.01–0.63] | 0.326 |
≥ 75 | 22 (15.5) | 0.09 [− 0.06–0.50] | |
Educational level | |||
No formal education | 18 (12.7) | 0.07 [− 0.15–0.45] | |
Primary school | 35 (24.6) | 0.18 [0.01–0.47] | 0.007 |
Middle school | 41 (28.9) | 0.29 [0.01–0.66] | |
Secondary school | 22 (15.5) | 0.62 [0.03–0.76] | |
University | 26 (18.3) | 0.40 [0.04–0.70] | |
Gender | |||
Male | 81 (57.0) | 0.36 [0.03–0.72] | 0.005 |
Female | 61 (34.0) | 0.18 [0.05–0.49] | |
BMI category | |||
Healthy weight | 17 (12.0) | 0.22 [− 0.08–0.68] | |
Overweight | 44 (31.0) | 0.46 [0.03–0.71] | 0.056 |
Obese | 81 (57) | 0.23 [− 0.05–0.57] | |
Income | |||
< 2000 | 113 (79.6) | 0.19 [− 0.57–0.60] | < 0.001 |
≥ 2000 | 29 (20.4) | 0.63 [0.35–0.80] | |
Residency | |||
Village | 54 (38.0) | 0.36 [0.04–0.64] | |
City | 84 (59.2) | 0.21 [− 0.41–0.64] | 0.535 |
Camp | 4 (2.8) | 0.50 [0.12–0.70] | |
Number of drugs | |||
< 4 | 13 (9.2) | 0.34 [− 0.06–0.62] | 0.584 |
≥ 4 | 129 (90.8) | 0.34 [0.01–0.65] | |
Social status | |||
Married | 111 (78.2) | 0.36 [0.02–0.68] | 0.028 |
Single, divorced or widowed | 31 (21.8) | 0.11 [− 0.92–0.38] | |
Occupation | |||
Employee | 25 (17.6) | 0.65 [0.35–0.75] | 0.002 |
Unemployed | 117 (82.4) | 0.23 [− 0.15–0.62] | |
Number of diseases | |||
None | 3 (2.1) | 0.55 [0.54–0.00] | |
1 | 16 (11.3) | 0.35 [0.01–0.70] | 0.334 |
2 | 44 (31.0) | 0.47 [0.03–0.68] | |
≥ 3 | 79 (55.6) | 0.19 [− 0.05–0.55] | |
Duration of the disease | |||
< 4 | 57 (40.1) | 0.34 [− 0.06–0.62] | 0.584 |
≥ 4 | 85 (59.9) | 0.34 [0.001–0.65] | |
Pain severity | |||
No pain | 22 (15.5) | 0.74 [0.62–0.84] | |
Mild pain | 59 (41.5) | 0.36 [0.02–0.55] | 0.001 |
Moderate pain | 35 (24.6) | 0.18 [− 0.05–0.46] | |
Severe pain | 26 (18.3) | 0.04 [− 0.17–0.19] | |
Pain interference | |||
Low pain | 114 (80.3) | 0.39 [0.04–0.70] | < 0.001 |
High pain | 28 (19.7) | 0.04 [− 0.15–0.15] | |