Table 1 Participant characteristics by HIV serostatus (n = 381)
Characteristic | Median [IQR] or % (n) | p-valuea | |
|---|---|---|---|
PLWOH (n = 146) | PLWH (n = 235) | ||
Parent cohort | – | – | 0.28 |
  MACS | 68 (47%) | 112 (48%) | |
  WIHS | 22 (15%) | 48 (20%) | |
  ALIVE | 56 (38%) | 75 (32%) | |
Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging metrics | |||
Left atrial volume index, mL/m2 | 26.0 (21.4, 32.5) | 27.7 (22.3, 35.7) | 0.06 |
Left atrial volume index ≥ 40 mL/m2 | 8 (5%) | 33 (14%) | 0.01 |
ECV fraction, % | 28.2 (25.9, 29.8) | 28.7 (26.4, 30.9) | 0.03 |
ECV fraction ≥ 30% women, ≥ 28% men | 55 (44%) | 108 (56%) | 0.04 |
LV mass index, g/m2 | 60.9 (55.7, 66.7) | 61.7 (56.2, 67.8) | 0.51 |
LV end-diastolic volume index, mL/m2 | 64.3 (53.8, 72.7) | 66.9 (55.8, 76.2) | 0.20 |
LV end-systolic volume index, mL/m2 | 17.5 (13.3, 22.1) | 18.2 (13.9, 22.7) | 0.16 |
LV ejection fraction, % | 73 (68, 76) | 72 (68, 76) | 0.31 |
Demographics | |||
Age, years | 56 (52, 59) | 55 (50, 58) | 0.23 |
Female | 37 (25%) | 68 (29%) | 0.45 |
Race/ethnicity | – | – | 0.36 |
  Black | 95 (65%) | 169 (72%) | |
  White | 40 (27%) | 53 (23%) | |
  Other | 11 (8%) | 13 (6%) | |
Education | – | – | 0.03 |
  Less than high school | 32 (22%) | 67 (29%) | |
  Completed high school | 45 (31%) | 68 (29%) | |
  Some college | 19 (13%) | 47 (20%) | |
  College degree or higher | 50 (34%) | 53 (23%) | |
Annual income > $10,000 | 79 (57%) | 139 (62%) | 0.35 |
Substance use | |||
Smoking status | – | – | 0.09 |
  Current | 59 (40%) | 116 (49%) | |
  Former | 58 (40%) | 68 (29%) | |
  Never | 29 (20%) | 51 (22%) | |
Pack-months of smoking among current or former smokersb | 11.8 (0.0, 32.9) | 14.2 (2.0, 36.4) | 0.02 |
AUDIT hazardous alcohol use | 21 (14%) | 25 (11%) | 0.28 |
Marijuana useb | 59 (40%) | 106 (45%) | 0.37 |
Opioid useb | 47 (32%) | 71 (30%) | 0.68 |
Stimulant useb | 52 (36%) | 95 (40%) | 0.35 |
Erectile dysfunction drug useb | 23 (16%) | 41 (17%) | 0.67 |
Nitrate useb | 22 (15%) | 36 (15%) | 0.95 |
Clinical | |||
Body mass index, kg/m2 | 27.1 (24.1, 31.0) | 26.1 (23.3, 30.8) | 0.08 |
Hypertension | 79 (54%) | 123 (52%) | 0.74 |
Antihypertensive medication | 50 (34%) | 86 (37%) | 0.64 |
Systolic blood pressure, mmHgb | 128 (121, 135) | 125 (119, 135) | 0.10 |
Diastolic blood pressure, mmHgb | 81 (76, 86) | 79 (74, 85) | 0.10 |
Dyslipidemia | 85 (58%) | 143 (61%) | 0.61 |
Lipid-lowering medication | 34 (23%) | 58 (25%) | 0.76 |
Total cholesterol, mg/dL | 178 (149, 207) | 172 (151, 195) | 0.09 |
HDL-cholesterol, mg/dL | 56 (46, 68) | 51 (40, 63) | 0.01 |
LDL-cholesterol, mg/dL | 99 (78, 121) | 93 (72, 115) | 0.10 |
Diabetes | 20 (14%) | 30 (13%) | 0.79 |
Fasting glucose, mg/dL | 92 (84, 100) | 91 (82, 100) | 0.43 |
Diabetes medication | 17 (12%) | 23 (10%) | 0.57 |
Creatinine, mg/dL | 0.8 (0.7, 1.0) | 0.9 (0.8, 1.1) |  < 0.001 |
eGFR < 60 mL/min/m2 | 3 (2%) | 11 (5%) | 0.18 |
Hematocrit, % | 40.8 (37.8, 43.4) | 39.6 (36.8, 42.1) | 0.02 |
Known cardiovascular disease | 5 (3%) | 9 (4%) | 0.84 |
Hepatitis C virus infection | 29 (20%) | 56 (24%) | 0.32 |
HIV Disease Characteristics | |||
HIV viral load < 50 RNA copies/mL | – | 170 (72%) |  |
CD4 + cell count, cells/µL | – | 605 (411, 842) |  |
CD4 + nadir, cells/µL | – | 276 (151, 415) |  |
History of clinical AIDS | – | 35 (22%) |  |
On antiretroviral therapy | – | 206 (88%) |  |
  Antiretroviral therapy duration, years | – | 12.2 (4.8, 15.9) |  |
  Protease inhibitor-based regimen | – | 80 (39%) |  |
  NNRTI-based regimen | – | 66 (32%) |  |
  Integrase strand inhibitor-based regimen | – | 58 (28%) |  |