Surgical outcomes associated with sleep apnea syndrome in Stanford A aortic dissection patients

Table 3 The postoperative event of 155 patients of two groups

Variables	Total cases	SAS⁺	SAS⁻	p-value
Variables	(n = 155)	(n = 89)	(n = 66)	p-value
Pneumonia^a, n (%)	111(71.6)	78 (87.64)	33 (50.0)	< 0.001
Hepatic insufficiency^b, n (%)	44 (28.4)	25 (28.09)	19 (28.78)	0.924
Heart failure^c, n (%)	13 (8.4)	11 (12.60)	2 (3.03)	0.038
Acute kidney injury^{c d}, n (%)	47 (30.3)	36 (40.45)	11 (16.67)	0.001
Ventilation time (hours)	54.4 (44.6, 85.6)	58.0 (48.4, 88.0)	52.0 (41.0, 83.0)	0.019
ICU stay time (hours)	108.68 (76.4, 190.2)	116.73 (96.8, 196.2)	96.43 (70.8, 170.0)	< 0.001
The hospitalization time (days)	18 (16, 21)	20 (18, 26)	17 (14, 20)	< 0.001

SAS Sleep apnea syndrome; SAS⁺ SAS-positive; SAS⁻ SAS-negative; ICU Intensive care unit; p-value, variables of patients in SAS⁺ group compared with those in SAS⁻ group. Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviations (SD), median ( first quartile, third quartile ) or number (%). Chi-square or Fisher test for categorical variables and wilcoxon rank sum test for continuous variables
^aDefined as positive result in sputum culture requiring anti-infection treatment, or chest roentgenogram diagnosing pneumonia
^bDefined as bilirubin greater than 5 mg/dL persisting for more than 5 days postoperatively
^cDefined as New York Heart Association (NYHA) class III or NYHA class IV
^dAKI was classified according to the KDIGO guidelines. Stage-1 AKI was defined as an increase from baseline of ≥ 26 µmol/L of postoperative creatinine or an increase of 1.5–1.9 times the preoperative creatinine within 7 days; stage 2 was an increase of 2.0–2.9 times the preoperative creatinine; stage-3 AKI was an increase ≥ 3 times the preoperative creatinine or an increase to ≥ 354 µmol/L or when the patient commenced RRT

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