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Table 3 Linear mixed regressions by survey

From: Education differences in cardiometabolic risk in England, Scotland and the United States between 1992 and 2019

Variable

HbA1c

Cholesterol

CVD risk\(_{log}\)

NHANES

Intercept

4.882 [4.837; 4.927]

4.962 [4.920; 5.005]

− 0.673 [− 0.709; − 0.637]

Degree (ref. other qualification)

− 0.246 [− 0.291; − 0.201]

− 0.069 [− 0.112; − 0.027]

− 0.167 [− 0.196; − 0.138]

No qualification

0.210 [0.176; 0.245]

0.107 [0.075; 0.140]

0.101 [0.079; 0.124]

Year

0.018 [0.015; 0.020]

− 0.021 [− 0.023; − 0.019]

− 0.019 [− 0.021; − 0.017]

Degree x Year

0.003 [0.001; 0.006]

0.003 [0.001; 0.006]

0.002 [0.000; 0.003]

No qualification x Year

− 0.001 [− 0.003; 0.001]

− 0.007 [− 0.009; − 0.006]

− 0.002 [− 0.003; − 0.001]

n

138012

136204

127492

m

148

148

148

HSE

Intercept

3.824 [3.652; 3.995]

5.073 [5.039; 5.107]

− 0.326 [− 0.351; − 0.301]

Degree (ref. other qualification)

− 0.006 [− 0.045; 0.033]

− 0.011 [− 0.052; 0.029]

− 0.068 [− 0.103; − 0.033]

No qualification

0.054 [0.026; 0.082]

0.281 [0.253; 0.310]

0.285 [0.260; 0.309]

Year

0.047 [0.045; 0.049]

− 0.029 [− 0.031; − 0.028]

− 0.012 [− 0.013; − 0.010]

Degree x Year

− 0.004 [− 0.006; − 0.002]

0.000 [− 0.002; 0.002]

− 0.001 [− 0.003; 0.001]

No qualification x Year

0.005 [0.003; 0.006]

− 0.021 [− 0.023; − 0.019]

− 0.008 [− 0.010; − 0.007]

n

66071

88809

39469

m

31

32

31

SHS

Intercept

4.257 [4.132; 4.381]

4.666 [4.539; 4.792]

− 0.207 [− 0.343; − 0.072]

Degree (ref. other qualification)

0.210 [0.010; 0.411]

0.018 [− 0.121; 0.158]

0.171 [− 0.054; 0.397]

No qualification

0.244 [0.060; 0.429]

0.110 [− 0.021; 0.241]

0.283 [0.077; 0.489]

Year

0.059 [0.051; 0.066]

0.002 [− 0.005; 0.010]

− 0.005 [− 0.013; 0.003]

Degree x Year

− 0.017 [− 0.029; − 0.004]

− 0.000 [− 0.011; 0.011]

− 0.014 [− 0.028; 0.001]

No qualification x Year

− 0.007 [− 0.020; 0.005]

− 0.006 [− 0.017; 0.005]

− 0.009 [− 0.023; 0.005]

n

7168

10781

3723

m

21

21

21

  1. Coefficients \(\beta\) and 99% confidence intervals. m and n: number of random-effect strata levels and sample size, respectively. HbA1c glycated haemoglobin, CVD cardiovascular disease, Log logarithm