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Table 2 Linear mixed regression models by survey

From: Education differences in cardiometabolic risk in England, Scotland and the United States between 1992 and 2019

Variable

SBP

DBP

BMI

NHANES

Intercept

112.891 [112.120; 113.662]

70.438 [69.812; 71.065]

24.136 [23.853; 24.419]

Degree (ref. other qualification)

− 2.903 [− 3.596; − 2.210]

− 0.609 [− 1.042; − 0.175]

− 1.124 [− 1.386; − 0.861]

No qualification

1.870 [1.342; 2.397]

0.213 [− 0.117; 0.544]

0.682 [0.482; 0.882]

Year

− 0.058 [− 0.094; − 0.022]

− 0.387 [− 0.412; − 0.363]

0.197 [0.184; 0.211]

Degree x Year

0.030 [− 0.007; 0.066]

0.054 [0.032; 0.077]

− 0.028 [− 0.042; − 0.015]

No qualification x Year

− 0.029 [− 0.059; 0.001]

− 0.031 [− 0.050; − 0.013]

− 0.041 [− 0.052; − 0.030]

n

144703

144703

141791

m

148

148

148

HSE

Intercept

127.311 [126.765; 127.857]

66.317 [65.970; 66.664]

23.412 [23.305; 23.520]

Degree (ref. other qualification)

− 1.010 [− 1.432; − 0.589]

1.108 [0.824; 1.393]

− 0.453 [− 0.576; − 0.329]

No qualification

4.181 [3.876; 4.485]

2.984 [2.779; 3.190]

0.500 [0.411; 0.590]

Year

− 0.607 [− 0.621; − 0.592]

− 0.066 [− 0.076; − 0.057]

0.086 [0.082; 0.090]

Degree x Year

0.004 [− 0.022; 0.030]

− 0.059 [− 0.077; − 0.042]

− 0.022 [− 0.029; − 0.014]

No qualification x Year

− 0.223 [− 0.246; − 0.201]

− 0.241 [− 0.257; − 0.226]

0.008 [0.002; 0.015]

n

189552

189552

178475

m

32

32

32

SHS

Intercept

121.097 [119.719; 122.476]

66.370 [65.458; 67.283]

23.695 [23.314; 24.076]

Degree (ref. other qualification)

− 0.748 [− 2.159; 0.663]

0.355 [− 0.574; 1.284]

0.160 [− 0.280; 0.599]

No qualification

3.118 [1.864; 4.371]

0.389 [− 0.437; 1.214]

0.762 [0.369; 1.154]

Year

− 0.246 [− 0.309; − 0.183]

0.045 [0.003; 0.086]

0.099 [0.082; 0.116]

Degree x Year

0.002 [− 0.072; 0.077]

− 0.027 [− 0.076; 0.022]

− 0.047 [− 0.070; − 0.024]

No qualification x Year

− 0.142 [− 0.218; − 0.066]

− 0.049 [− 0.099; 0.001]

− 0.012 [− 0.035; 0.012]

n

22511

22511

20833

m

21

21

21

  1. Coefficients \(\beta\) and 99% confidence intervals. m and n: number of random-effect strata levels and sample size, respectively. SBP, DBP systolic and diastolic blood pressure. BMI body-mass-index