Parameters | Overall population (n = 275) | Late AF recurrence (+) (n = 70) | Late AF recurrence (−) (n = 205) | P value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Age, years (SD) | 57.32 ± 9.57 | 64.38 ± 8.04 | 55.07 ± 8.93 | p < 0.001 |
Male, sex, n (%) | 191 (69.4%) | 53 (75.7%) | 138 (67.3%) | p = 0.092 |
Paroxysmal AF, n (%) | 195 (70.9%) | 46 (65.7%) | 149 (72.7%) | p = 0.080 |
Persistent AF, n (%) | 80 (29.1%) | 24 (34.3%) | 56 (27.3%) | p = 0.030 |
Long-standing Pers AF, n (%) | 32 (11.6%) | 15 (21.4%) | 17 (8.3%) | p = 0.010 |
AF duration, months (SD) | 63.03 ± 60.25 | 79.43 ± 65.7 | 60.20 ± 58.27 | p = 0.040 |
BMI, kg/m2 | 25.7 ± 2.9 | 25.9 ± 2.6 | 25.4 ± 3.0 | p = 0.144 |
CAD history, n (%) | 36 (13.1%) | 11 (15.7%) | 25 (12.2%) | p = 0.063 |
SAS history, n (%) | 37 (13.5%) | 11 (15.7%) | 26 (12.7%) | p = 0.515 |
Hypertension, n (%) | 139 (50.5%) | 44 (62.8%) | 95 (46.3%) | p = 0.020 |
Previous stroke/TIA, n (%) | 13 (4.7%) | 3 (4.3%) | 10 (4.9%) | p = 0.070 |
Amiodarone use, n (%) | 74 (26.9%) | 38 (54.3%) | 36 (17.6%) | p = 0.010 |
Alcohol intake, n (%) | 62 (22.5%) | 19 (27.1%) | 43 (21.0%) | p = 0.090 |
Current smoking, n (%) | 79 (28.7%) | 20 (28.6%) | 59 (28.8%) | p = 0.345 |
Echocardiography | ||||
LA diameter (AP), mm | 38.4 ± 4.68 | 42.4 ± 4.60 | 37.7 ± 4.10 | p = 0.001 |
LVEF (%) | 63.90 ± 5.2 | 63.66 ± 5.0 | 64.20 ± 5.2 | p = 0.907 |
Laboratory findings | ||||
NT-proBNP, pg/mL | 271 ± 254 | 483 ± 411 | 237 ± 205 | p = 0.005 |
hs-CRP, mg/L | 2.29 (1.57–3.15) | 3.58 (1.75–5.27) | 2.15 (1.47–2.90) | p < 0.001 |
Uric acid,umol/L | 340.8 ± 82.8 | 349.2 ± 79.6 | 339 ± 81.5 | p = 0.356 |
HCy, μmol/L | 17.8 ± 2.3 | 18.3 ± 2.5 | 16.9 ± 1.9 | p = 0.068 |
FPG (mmol/L) | 5.5 (5.1–6.2) | 6.0 (5.4–6.4) | 5.1 (4.7–5.8) | p = 0.008 |
HbA1C, % | 5.1 ± 0.2 | 5.1 ± 0.3 | 5.1 ± 0.1 | p = 0.352 |
TC, mmol/L | 4.33 ± 1.03 | 4.35 ± 1.05 | 4.31 ± 1.01 | p = 0.125 |
Non-HDL, mmol/L | 3.13 ± 1.05 | 3.15 ± 1.09 | 3.11 ± 1.03 | p = 0.218 |
LDL-C, mmol/L | 2.31 ± 0.43 | 2.50 ± 0.32 | 2.20 ± 0.50 | p = 0.108 |
HDL-C, mmol/L | 1.21 ± 0.30 | 1.23 ± 0.40 | 1.18 ± 0.22 | p = 0.125 |
TG, mmol/L | 1.78 (1.32–2.29) | 2.65 (2.09–3.52) | 1.65 (1.15–2.18) | p = 0.006 |
Creatinine, μmol/L | 79.5 ± 15.7 | 81.7 ± 15.0 | 78.7 ± 15.9 | P = 0.533 |
TyG index | 8.87 ± 0.8 | 9.42 ± 0.6 | 8.68 ± 0.70 | p < 0.001 |
Clinical scoring point | ||||
EHRA score | 2 (1–3) | 2 (1–3) | 2 (1–3) | p = 0.236 |
CHA2DS2-VASc score | 1 (0–2) | 2 (1–3) | 1 (0–2) | p = 0.020 |
HAS-BLED score | 1 (0–1) | 1 (0–1) | 1 (0–1) | p = 0.219 |
DR-FLASH score | 2 (1–2) | 3 (2–4) | 1 (1–2) | p = 0.010 |
APPLE score | 1 (0–1) | 2 (1–3) | 1 (0–1) | p = 0.010 |
Early recurrence | 75 (27%) | 49 (70%) | 26 (12.7%) | p = 0.001 |