Fig. 4

3D rendering of LVOT obstruction pre- and postoperatively. A Preoperative 3D rendering of coronary sections of patients with outflow tract obstruction showing severe stenosis of the outflow tract and hypertrophy of the ventricular septum. B Postoperative 3D rendering of coronary cross sections of patients with outflow tract obstruction showing improvement in the outflow tract, an increase in the diameter, and decreased ventricular septal hypertrophy. C Preoperative 3D reconstruction of the LVOT in patients with outflow tract obstruction before 3D printing indicating severe stenosis. D Postoperative 3D reconstruction of the LVOT in patients with outflow tract obstruction after 3D printing indicating improvement in the stenosis. LVOT, left ventricular outflow tract