Table 1 Clinical and demographic characteristics of the whole study cohort and participants with CS and GCM at presentation

Age (years)

55 (48–60)

56 (49–60)

53 (46–63)

0.442

Female Gender

31 (34)

20 (29)

11 (52)

0.064

BMI (kg/m²)

26.4 (23.1–30.5)

27.2 (24.2–30.6)

23.3 (21.2–27.6)

0.004

NYHA class ≥ III

38 (41)

22 (31)

16 (76)

< 0.001

Comorbidities and laboratory findings

Hypertension

31 (33)

25 (35)

6 (29)

0.793

Diabetes mellitus

7 (8)

6 (8)

1 (5)

1

Previous CVD^#

13 (14)

12 (17)

1 (5)

0.285

Thyroid disease

11 (12)

8 (11)

3 (14)

0.709

Autoimmune Disease

5 (5)

1 (1)

4 (19)

0.009

NT-proBNP (pg/mL)§

1060 (279–5850)

808 (222–2425)

8309 (3562–24,482)

 < 0.001

Troponin T (ng/L)*

34 (12–142)

27.6 (8–55)

473 (128–1270)

0.014

Creatinine (mg/dL)

97 (82–130)

93 (76–115)

134 (107–181)

 < 0.001

eGFR (ml/min/1.73 m²)

70 (49–80)

73 (56–82)

54 (30–75)

0.016

Prevalent cardiac manifestations at presentation

Heart failure

29 (31)

22 (31)

7 (33)

1

Sustained VT or VF

23 (25)

15 (21)

8 (38)

0.152

High-grade AVB

19 (21)

17 (24)

2 (9)

0.223

Sudden cardiac arrest

6 (6)

5 (7)

1 (5)

1

Chest pain

8 (9)

5 (7)

3 (14)

0.377

Other symptoms or signs^¶

6 (6)

6 (8)

0

0.330