Table 2 Clinical characteristics of CAS after CABG
Patient | Year of publication | Symptoms and preoperative findings | Evidence of postoperative CAS | Treatment | Patient outcome |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 1981 [8] | Exertional angina, 90% obstruction in the left main coronary artery | Inferior ST-segment elevation, hypotension | Intravenous NTG, IABP, nifedipine | Died |
2 | 1981 [8] | Exertional and variant angina, 80% obstruction in the left anterior descending artery | Inferior ST-segment elevation, hypotension, sinus bradycardia | Intravenous NTG, IABP | Died |
3 | 1981 [8] | Variant angina, 95% obstruction of LADA | Inferior ST-segment elevation, hypotension | Intravenous NTG, nifedipine | Died |
4 | 1981 [8] | Rest and exertional angina, 90% obstruction in left main coronary artery | Inferior ST-segment elevation, hypotension, ventricular tachycardia | NTG, nifedipine | Recovery, but not reporting the discharge conditions |
5 | 1981 [8] | Exertional angina, 99% obstruction of LADA, 90% obstruction of LCx | Inferior ST-segment elevation, hypotension, and atrioventricular block | NTG, nifedipine, IABP | Recovery, but not reporting the discharge conditions |
6 | 1981 [8] | Rest and exertional angina, 90% obstruction of LADA, 70% obstruction of diagonal artery | Inferior ST-segment elevation, hypotension, and atrioventricular block | NTG, nifedipine, phentolamine | Recovery, but not reporting the discharge conditions |
7 | 2007 [23] | Recurrent angina, underwent PTCA of the LCx and RCA; critical lesions of LCx and RCA | ST-segment elevation over leads II, III and aVF by ECG | Verapamil and NTG into the vein grafts by intracoronary injection, followed by i.v. infusion of nitroprusside and NTG | Discharged on day 10 uneventfully after surgery |
8 | 2007 [23] | Exertional angina, left main coronary artery stenosis | ECG showed ST-segment elevation on lead III, short-run ventricular tachycardia | IABP and infusion of inotropic agent | Discharged on day 9 uneventfully with good clinical conditions |
9 | 2007 [23] | Chest tightness, underwent PTCA with RCA stenting; total LAD occlusion and in-stent restenosis of RCA | ECG showed Q waves over leads II, III, and aVF, as well as inverted T wave over V4-V6 | ECMO, intracoronary and systemic administration of NTG and nitroprusside; bolus injection of epinephrine and IABP insertion | Discharged with no complications on day 20 after surgery |
10 | 2003 [26] | underwent PTCA with stenting of Cx and RCA; pre-stent sub-occlusive lesion of the RCA | ST segment elevation in lead D3, reduction of R wave in lead aVF, D3 and ST segment depression in lead V3-6, D1 and AVL; a new akynetic area in inferior left ventricular wall | Insertion of an IABP and intravenous NTG infusion | Discharged on 12 after surgery in good clinical conditions; survived in the 3-year follow-up |
11 | 1999 [22] | Exertional angina, hypertension and previous myocardial infarction; angiogram revealed a mildly impaired ventricular contractility, a 90% stenosis on the LAD involving the first diagonal branch, and a 90% proximal stenosis in the RCA | Antero-lateral myocardial ischemia, elevation of blood pressure (33/30Â mmHg) associated with ST-segment depression | Diltiazem, glyceryl trinitrate; intracoronary infusion of nitrates and verapamil | Discharged on day 7 after surgery |
12 | 2013 [24] | Sudden bradycardia, hypertension; stenosis in the proximal anterior descending branch of LCA; 90% stenosis in the first and second diagonal branch, 90% stenosis of obtuse marginal branch and high lateral artery | ST segment elevation | Diltiaze, NTG, NCR, IABP | Discharged with no complications on day 74after surgery |
13 | 2007 [25] | Recurrent angina; 60% in-stent stenosis with extension into the left main and ostial LCx | Minimal spasm in the radial artery graft, worsening of the native LAD lesion, and diffuse spasm of the native RCA | IABP, dobutamine and milrinone | Discharged on day 8 after aftery |
14 | 2005 [27] | Frequent angina; 90% stenosis in left main trunk and 75% stenosis of posterolateral brunch of RCA | CAS was not observed, but was speculated based on ECG and hemodynamic deterioration. ST segment depression in precordial leads on ECG, ST-segment elevation in II, III and aVF leads | Diltiazem, vasodilator agents such as nicorandil, verapamil, papaverine and NTG; IABP | Not reported |
15 | 2010 [4] | Unstable angina; 80% obstruction of proximal left AIA | Extensive anterior ischemia after ECG, ST segment elevation | Intracoronary vasodilators | Discharged on 13 after surgery |
16 | 2010 [21] | Chronic stable angina pectoris and hypertension; 90% stenosis on distal left main coronary artery | ST segment depression, hypertension, | Intracoronary infusion of NTG, oral medication of nicorandil | Discharged on 15 after surgery |
17 | 1990 [28] | Angina and chest pain at rest, nocturnal pain; multiple stenosis in RCA, Cx and LAD | A supranodal rhythm and an incomplete right bundle branch block, with ST elevation in V3 and V4 | GTN, intravenous nifedipine, dobutamine | Free of angina in the 1-year follow-up |