Table 2 Clinical and procedural characteristics of the patients in the 4 groups
Group-A | Group-B | Group-C | Group-D | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Patient, n | 3 | 12 | 4 | 2 | |
Age, years | 62.6 ± 20.4 | 69.2 ± 12.2 | 78.2 ± 3.9 | 66.0 ± 12.7 | 0.419 |
Male gender, n (%) | 1 (33.3%) | 8 (66.7%) | 3 (75.0%) | 0 (0%) | 0.228 |
Concomitant AF, n (%) | 3 (100%) | 12 (100%) | 4 (100%) | 1 (50.0%) | 0.019 |
Left atrial diameter, mm | 36.7 ± 5.9 | 42.3 ± 6.8 | 45.8 ± 3.3 | 46.7 ± 3.9 | 0.217 |
Left ventricular ejection fraction, % | 59.9 ± 9.4 | 64.9 ± 7.2 | 51.6 ± 21.5 | 44.0 ± 29.2 | 0.125 |
Structural heart disease, n (%) | 1 (33.3%) | 1 (8.3%) | 1 (25.0%) | 2 (100%) | 0.043 |
SSS/AV conduction disturbance, n (%) | 2 (66.7%) | 2 (16.7%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (50%) | 0.146 |
LA roof-dependent ATs, n | 3 | 13 | 4 | 2 | |
The number of ablation procedure | 0.004 | ||||
1st procedure, n (%) | 3 (100%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 2 (100%) | |
2nd procedure, n (%) | 0 (0%) | 5 (38.5%) | 3 (75.0%) | 0 (0%) | |
3rd procedure, n (%) | 0 (0%) | 7 (53.8%) | 1 (25.0%) | 0 (0%) | |
4th procedure, n (%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (7.7%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | |
Multiple ATs, n (%) | 3 (100%) | 6 (46.2%) | 2 (50.0%) | 2 (100%) | 0.212 |
Concomitant peri-mitral ATs, n (%) | 3 (100%) | 2 (15.4%) | 2 (50.0%) | 2 (100%) | 0.012 |
Length of LA roof between upper PVs, cm | 23.0 ± 1.2 | 25.3 ± 3.8 | 29.6 ± 2.5 | 26.7 ± 0.1 | 0.084 |
Tachycardia cycle length, ms | 210 ± 25 | 249 ± 47 | 230 ± 24 | 289 ± 28 | 0.205 |
Mean conduction velocity (CV), cm/s | 86.1 ± 23.9 | 67.0 ± 13.4 | 79.7 ± 8.7 | 70 | 0.19 |
CV at slow conduction area, cm/s | 7.8 (7.0–32.5) | 7.7 (4.6–31.7) | 13.2 (6.5–30.9) | 17.4 (7.5–27.3) | 0.992 |
Clockwise roof-dependent AT, n (%) | 2 (66.7%) | 7 (53.8%) | 3 (75.0%) | 1 (50.0%) | 0.872 |
Roof-dependent AT around RPVs, n (%) | 2 (66.7%) | 13 (100%) | 2 (50.0%) | 2 (100%) | 0.003 |
Roof-dependent AT around LPVs, n (%) | 1 (33.3%) | 0 (0%) | 4 (100%) | 0 (0%) | |
LVA at LA roof, n (%) | 2 (66.7%) | 13 (100%) | 4 (100%) | 2 (100%) | 0.085 |
LVA at LA roof, cm2 | 2.5 (0–4.1) | 3.8 (3.0–4.4) | 2.7 (2.0–4.1) | 5.0 (4.5–5.6) | 0.158 |
LVA at LA anterior/septal wall, n (%) | 2 (66.7%) | 7 (53.8%) | 4 (100%) | 1 (50.0%) | 0.392 |
LVA at LA anterior/septal wall, cm2 | 1.4 (0–8.9) | 2.8 (0–5.1) | 4.6 (3.3–6.3) | 2.9 (0–5.8) | 0.846 |
LVA at LA posterior wall, n (%) | 0 (0%) | 7 (53.8%) | 2 (50.0%) | 2 (100%) | 0.166 |
LVA at LA posterior wall, cm2 | 0 (0%) | 2.7 (0–5.8) | 0.4 (0–1.8) | 1.2 (1.0–1.5) | 0.249 |