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Table 1 Clinical characteristics of the study population

From: Liver stiffness for predicting adverse cardiac events in chinese patients with heart failure: a two-year prospective study

 

Overall (n = 53)

LS ≤ 6.9 kPa (n = 30)

LS > 6.9 kPa (n = 23)

P value

Clinical characteristics

Age, years

65.5 ± 12.8

64.36 ± 13.56

67.04 ± 11.94

P = 0.457

Male, n%

39 (73.6)

22 (73.3)

17 (73.9)

P = 0.962

NYHA class III/IV, n%

44 (83.0)

23 (76.7)

21 (91.3)

P = 0.300

Systolic BP, mmHg

122.79 ± 17.47

125.63 ± 17.38

119.09 ± 17.25

P = 0.178

Diastolic BP, mmHg

71.49 ± 10.13

73.33 ± 10.42

69.09 ± 9.42

P = 0.132

Etiology

Ischemic heart disease, n%

36 (67.9)

18 (60.0)

18 (78.3)

P = 0.265

Cardiomyopathy, n%

9 (17.0)

7 (23.3)

2 (8.7)

P = 0.300

Valvular heart disease, n%

5 (9.4)

2 (6.7)

3 (13.0)

P = 0.754

Unknown, n%

3 (5.7)

3 (10.0)

0 (0)

P = 0.336

Comorbidities

AF, n%

8 (15.1)

4 (13.3)

4 (17.4)

P = 0.983

Hypertension*, n%

39 (73.6)

22 (73.3)

17 (73.9)

P = 0.962

Diabetes*, n%

23 (43.4)

11 (36.7)

12 (52.2)

P = 0.259

Laboratory parameters

Hemoglobin, g/l

126.5 ± 20.9

128.9 ± 20.2

123.5 ± 21.9

P = 0.358

Platelet count,109/L

192 (161.5–249)

212.5 (177.5–266.5)

175 (139–230)

P = 0.014

Ccr$, %

73.14 ± 25.78

79.97 ± 23.30

62.46 ± 25.83

P = 0.014

Log2 (BNP) $, pg/ml

8.38 ± 1.88

7.80 ± 1.74

9.14 ± 1.83

P = 0.009

AST, U/L

19.9 (15.8–29.4)

19.3 (15.8–23.6)

20.0 (14.85–30.25)

P = 0.560

ALT, U/L

19.6 (13.15–28.5)

18.7 (13.15–27.1)

20.7 (13.1–30.45)

P = 0.872

TBIL, μmol/l

12.8 (7.85–17.9)

12.6 (7.2–16.0)

13.6 (8.4–19.9)

P = 0.238

DBIL, μmol/l

4.5 (2.9–7.3)

4.3 (2.5–5.5)

5.7 (3.4–8.2)

P = 0.065

Albumin, g/L

38.4 (35.9–41.0)

38.6 (35.0–41.2)

38.3 (35.9–40.8)

P = 0.970

PT, sec

12.1 (11.5–13.0)

11.9 (11.5–13.0)

12.3 (11.5–14.3)

P = 0.267

CHE, U/L

6712.2 ± 2391.9

7255.4 ± 2337.7

6003.6 ± 2322.0

P = 0.058

Echocardiographic parameters

    

LVEDD, mm

58.0 (51.5–62.0)

57.5 (52.0–61.5)

59.0 (48.5–62.0)

P = 0.844

LVEF, n%

40.32 ± 11.20

39.95 ± 9.97

40.81 ± 12.8

P = 0.785

LADD, mm

44.11 ± 7.26

43.47 ± 5.72

44.96 ± 8.96

P = 0.465

Moderate/Severe MR, n%

25 (47.2)

12 (40)

13 (56.5)

P = 0.232

Moderate/Severe TR, n%

17 (32.1)

8 (26.7)

9 (39.1)

P = 0.335

TAPSE ≤ 16 mm, n%

18 (34.0)

4 (13.3)

14 (60.9)

P < 0.001

IVC, mm

19.6 ± 3.6 (n# = 23)

17.5 ± 4.0 (n# = 9)

21.2 ± 2.3 (n# = 14)

P = 0.011

TRPG, mmHg

30.0 (22.0–50.0)

26.0 (20.5–41.0)

35.5 (25.5–60.0)

P = 0.060

Medications

Beta blockers

51 (96.2)

29 (96.7)

22 (95.7)

P = 1.000

ACEIs/ARBs, n%

34 (64.2)

19 (63.3)

15 (65.2)

P = 0.887

Sacubitril/valsartan, n%

15 (28.3)

9 (30.0)

6 (26.1)

P = 0.754

Diuretics

51 (96.2)

28 (93.3)

23 (100.0)

P = 0.472

  1. ACEIs: angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors; AF: atrial fibrillation; ALT: alanine aminotransferase; ARBs: Angiotensin Receptor Blockers; AST: aspartate aminotransferase; BNP: B-type natriuretic peptide; BP: blood pressure; CAD: coronary artery disease; Ccr: creatinine clearance rate; CHE: cholinesterase; DBIL: direct bilirubin; IVC: inferior vena cava; LADD: left atrium diastole diameter; LS: liver stiffness; LVEDD: left ventricular end-diastolic dimension; LVEF: left ventricular ejection fraction; MR: mitral regurgitation; NYHA: New York Heart Association; PT: Prothrombin Time; TAPSE: tricuspid annual plane systolic excursion; TBIL: total bilirubin; TR: tricuspid regurgitation. TRPG: Tricuspid Regurgitation Pressure Gradient
  2. #: data available in partial patients;
  3. *: Diagnosis of Hypertension and diabetes is according to related guidelines [11, 12]
  4. $: Ccr (ml/min) = (× 0.85 if female) { (140 − age) × body weight (kg)}∕{ 72 × serum creatine (mg/dl)}; log2 (BNP, pg/ml) = 2 based log-transformation of B-type natriuretic peptide (pg/ml)
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BMC Cardiovascular Disorders

ISSN: 1471-2261

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