Table 1 Characteristics of the study population

N = 1506

N = 58

N = 1158

Demographics

Age (years)

17.8 ± 0.9

17.6 ± 0.8

17.8 ± 0.9

Sex

 Male

655 (43.5%)

34 (58.6%)

463 (40.0%)

 Female

851 (56.5%)

24 (41.4%)

695 (60.0%)

Anthropometrics

Size (cm)

172.0 (166.0–179.0)

173.3 (166.3–179.6)

171.5 (166.0–179.0)

Weight (kg)

64.7 (57.8–73.7)

67.3 (60.3–75.3)

64.3 (57.1–73.5)

BMI (kg/m²)

21.7 (19.8–24.1)

22.1 (20.2–24.9)

21.6 (19.8–24.0)

Waist circumference (cm)

73.5 (66.5–80.3)

73.0 (64.6–82.8)

73.0 (66.5–80.0)

Physical activity

Physical activity (min/day)

38.8 (20.3–60.0)

60.0 (33.8–75.3)

34.0 (20.0–60.0)

Hemodynamics

Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)

121.0 (113.0–130.3)

126.3 (118.3–133.1)

120.3 (112.3–129.7)

Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)

70.3 (65.0–76.0)

71.0 (65.0–78.3)

70.3 (65.0–76.0)

Smoking

Current Smoker

410 (27.2%)

20 (34.5%)

295 (25.5%)

Ever Smoker

632 (42.3%)

26 (44.8%)

476 (41.1%)

Pack-years^†

0.011 (0.000–0.250)

0.003 (0.000–0.300)

0.011 (0.000–0.250)

Lipids

Total cholesterol (mg/dl)

158.0 (139.0–179.0)

145.0 (129.5–164.5)

158.0 (140.0–178.8)

HDL cholesterol (mg/dl)

56.0 (48.0–66.0)

52.0 (45.0–62.5)

56.5 (48.0–66.0)

LDL cholesterol (mg/dl)

94.0 (78.0–111.0)

81.0 (69.0–103.0)

94.0 (78.0–111.0)

Triglycerides (mg/dl)

79.0 (59.0–106.0)

76.0 (58.0–111.0)

78.0 (60.0–106.0)

Liver and inflammation markers

Alanine transaminase (U/l)

17.0 (13.0–22.0)

17.0 (15.0–23.5)

17.0 (13.0–22.0)

C-reactive protein (mg/dl)

0.15 (0.09–0.32)

0.15 (0.12–0.31)

0.16 (0.09–0.33)

Carotid intima-media thickness

cIMT_MEAN (µm)

413.3 (381.7–446.7)

430.8 (399.6–463.8)

411.7 (380.0–445.0)