Table 1 Demographic characteristics of the study population by gender
Variables | All (n:1140) | Male (n:646) | Female (n:494) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age, years | 60 (42–70) | 61 (47–71) | 60 (35–70) | 0.002 |
Child, n (%) | 113 (9.9) | 54 (8.4) | 59 (11.9) | 0.045 |
Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 263 (23.1) | 183 (28.3) | 80 (16.2) | < 0.001 |
Hypertensive heart disease, n (%) | 454 (39.8) | 274 (42.4) | 180 (36.4) | 0.041 |
Current smoker, n (%) | 57 (5.0) | 26 (4.0) | 31 (6.3) | 0.084 |
Ischemic heart disease, n (%) | 278 (24.4) | 206 (31.9) | 72 (14.5) | < 0.001 |
Heart failure with reduced EF, n (%) | 351 (30.8) | 237 (36.7) | 114 (23.1) | < 0.001 |
Mildly reduced (41–49%) | 59 (5.2) | 33 (5.1) | 26 (5.3) | |
Reduced (≤ 40%) | 292 (25.6) | 204 (31.6) | 88 (17.8) | |
Valvular heart disease, n (%) | 395 (34.6) | 234 (36.2) | 161 (32.6) | 0.555 |
Mild | 170 (14.9) | 104 (16.1) | 66 (13.4) | |
Moderate | 166 (14.6) | 96 (14.9) | 70 (14.2) | |
Severe | 59 (5.2) | 34 (5.3) | 25 (5.1) | |
Rheumatic heart disease, n (%) | 84 (7.4) | 30 (4.6) | 54 (10.9) | < 0.001 |
Congenital heart disease, n (%) | 151 (13.2) | 75 (11.6) | 76 (15.4) | 0.062 |
Pulmonary arterial hypertension, n (%) | 260 (22.8) | 150 (23.2) | 110 (22.3) | 0.745 |
COPD, n (%) | 66 (5.8) | 13 (2.0) | 53 (10.7) | < 0.001 |
Dilated cardiomyopathy, n (%) | 225 (19.7) | 160 (24.8) | 65 (13.2) | < 0.001 |
Constrictive pericarditis, n (%) | 9 (0.8) | 7 (1.1) | 2 (0.4) | 0.173 |
Peripartum cardiomyopathy, n (%) | 21 (1.8) | – | 21 (4.3) | – |
Tuberculosis, n (%) | 202 (17.7) | 104 (16.1) | 98 (19.8) | 0.101 |