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Table 3 Characteristics of the study population by cardiovascular risk

From: Second-hand smoking, hypertension and cardiovascular risk: findings from Peru

 

Cardiovascular risk

Framingham risk score

WHO cardiovascular risk score

Mean (95% CI)

p-value

Mean (95% CI)

p-value

Sex

 

< 0.001

 

< 0.001

Female

2.9% (2.5–3.3%)

 

1.3% (1.2–1.5%)

 

Male

7.5% (6.5–8.5%)

 

2.0% (1.8–2.2%)

 

Age

 

< 0.001

 

< 0.001

< 30 years

0.9% (0.6–1.0%)

 

0.5% (0.4–0.6%)

 

30–39 years

2.9% (2.4–3.5%)

 

1.0% (0.8–1.1%)

 

40–49 years

5.3% (4.6–6.0%)

 

1.7% (1.5–1.9%)

 

50–59 years

12.3% (10.5–14.1%)

 

3.7% (3.2–4.1%)

 

Education level

 

0.80

 

0.33

< 7 years

5.2% (4.3–6.0%)

 

1.8% (1.5–2.0%)

 

7–11 years

5.1% (4.2–5.9%)

 

1.6% (1.4–1.8%)

 

12 + years

4.8% (3.9–5.6%)

 

1.6% (1.3–1.8%)

 

Socioeconomic position

 

 < 0.001

 

< 0.001

Low

3.6% (3.0–4.2%)

 

1.3% (1.1–1.5%)

 

Middle

4.8% (3.9–5.8%)

 

1.6% (1.3–1.8%)

 

High

6.0% (5.0–7.1%)

 

1.9% (1.6–2.1%)

 

Current smoking

 

< 0.001

 

< 0.001

No current smoking

4.2% (3.8–4.7%)

 

1.4% (1.3–1.5%)

 

Current smoking

8.9% (6.1–11.7%)

 

2.8% (2.1–3.5%)

 

Daily smoking

10.8% (5.9–15.7%)

 

3.6% (2.3–4.8%)

 

Alcohol drinking

 

0.13

 

0.09

No in the last 12 months

4.4% (3.5–5.3%)

 

1.5% (1.2–1.7%)

 

Last 12 months, but not last 30 days

4.4% (3.5–5.4%)

 

1.4% (1.2–1.6%)

 

During last 30 days

5.4% (4.6–6.3%)

 

1.7% (1.5–1.9%)

 

Physical activity

 

0.98

 

0.96

Moderate/high levels

4.9% (4.3–5.6%)

 

1.6% (1.4–1.8%)

 

Low levels

5.0% (4.0–6.0%)

 

1.6% (1.3–1.9%)

 
  1. *Comparisons were conducted taking into account the multistage sampling design