Table 1 Clinical characteristics of the studied groups

Age, years

62 (38–78)

64 (29–75) 

0.727

Age of CAD, years

53 (37–73)

–

–

Male/female

49/17

8/8

> 0.05

BMI, kg/m²

27.9 (21.1–41)

23.9 (20.9–32.9)

0.029

Waist circumference, cm

Males

Males

98.5 (81–125)

84 (69–104)

0.001

Females

Females

91 (79–113)

92 (58–103)

0.888

Waist-to-hip ratio

Males: 0.96 ± 0.04

Males: 0.89 ± 0.04

0.024

Females: 0.82 ± 0.06

Females: 0.83 ± 0.11

0.931

EAT thickness, mm

6.49 ± 2.52

5.33 ± 1.93

0.106

Smoking

Never smoked

29 (44%)

14 (88%)

0.003

Ex-smokers

16 (24%)

1 (6%)

0.100

Smoking during the time of the study

12 (18%)

0 (0%)

0.060

Smoking status is unknown

9 (14%)

1 (6%)

–

Features of the diagnosis:

Patients with one-vessel coronary artery disease, N (%)

7 (10.1%)

–

–

Patients with two-vessel coronary artery disease, N (%)

16 (23.2%)

–

–

Patients with three-vessel coronary artery disease, N (%)

46 (66.7%)

–

–

Patients with CAD and established concomitant carotid artery disease or peripheral artery disease, N (%)

8 (12%)

–

–

Biochemical parameters

Triglyceride, mmol/L

1.47 (0.35–5.09)

1.07 (0.40–3.82)

0.042

Total cholesterol, mmol/L

4.85 ± 1.47

4.57 ± 1.02

0.592

HDL-cholesterol, mmol/L

1.21 (0.70–2.35)

1.20 (0.50–1.82)

0.369

LDL-cholesterol, mmol/L

2.59 ± 1.34

2.84 ± 0.53

0.339

Fasting glucose, mmol/L

5.55 (4.50–8.80)

5.25 (4.30–8.70)

0.083