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Table 1 Characteristics of included studies and reports

From: Cardiovascular disease and its management among Pacific people: a systematic review by ethnicity and place of birth

First author, year

Location(s)

Data Source/Study Population, year(s)

Population characteristics: age, sex, median annual income

Country (international) or ethnicity (New Zealand)

Cardiovascular outcomes reported and included in systematic review

International

 

 GBD 2019 [3]

Countries listed under Oceania

Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 data resource

All ages, both sexes, no income data reported

American Samoa, Guam, Marshall Islands, Cook Islands, Federated States of Micronesia, Kiribati, Northern Mariana Islands, Papua New Guinea, Nauru, Vanuatu, Niue, Tonga, Palau, Tokelau, Tuvalu, Solomon Islands, Samoa

Epidemiology

•  Incidence: atrial fibrillation and flutter, hypertensive heart disease, intracerebral haemorrhage, ischemic heart disease, ischemic stroke, peripheral vascular disease, stroke, subarachnoid haemorrhage

•  Prevalence: as for incidence plus hypertensive heart disease

•  Mortality: as for prevalence

 Mendis 2011 [21]

Global

Global burden of disease estimates

All ages, both sexes, no income data reported

Cook Islands, Kiribati, Marshall Islands, Federated States of Micronesia, Nauru, Niue, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Tonga, Tuvalu, Vanuatu

Epidemiology

•  Mortality: stroke, ischemic heart disease

 WHO 2014 [22]

Global

-

Under age 70, males and females, no income data reported

Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands

Epidemiology

•  Mortality: composite

 WHO 2018 [23]

Global

Life estimates derived from routinely collected data 2000–2016

Age not specified, males and females, no income data reported

Kiribati, Nauru, Solomon Islands, Tuvalu

Epidemiology

•  Incidence: composite

•  Management: heart attacks and stroke combined

New Zealand

 

 Blakely 2009 [1]

New Zealand

New Zealand Census-Mortality Study 2001–2004

0–74 years old, sexes combined, income ranging from NZD $17,500 to $21,500

Samoan, Cook Island, Niuean, Tongan

Epidemiology

•  Mortality: composite

 Health Partners Consulting Group 2012 [2]

Metro-Auckland (Counties Manukau, Auckland, Waitemata), New Zealand

National surveys, the PRIMHD database, clinical network data from the Northern Region DHBs

15 years and over, men and women, no income data reported

Samoan, Cook Island Maori, Tongan, Niuean

Epidemiology

•  Prevalence: ischemic heart disease, stroke, heart failure, peripheral vascular disease