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Table 2 Baseline data of studying aortic aneurysm stratified by anion gap on ICU admission

From: Association between anion gap and mortality of aortic aneurysm in intensive care unit after open surgery

Variables

 

Anion gap < 12 mEq/L

(N = 151)

Anion gap between

12–16 mEq/L

(N = 200)

Anion gap > 16 m Eq/L

(N = 54)

P value

General condition

 

Admission type

   

 < 0.001

 

ELECTIVE

121 (80.1%)

153 (76.5%)

16 (29.6%)

 
 

EMERGENCY

27 (17.9%)

42 (21.0%)

37 (68.5%)

 
 

URGENT

3 (2.0%)

5 (2.5%)

1 (1.9%)

 
 

Death in ICU

1 (0.7%)

8 (4.0%)

19 (35.2%)

 < 0.001

 

Death in hospital

2 (1.3%)

8 (4.0%)

20 (37.0%)

 < 0.001

 

Death within 90 days

4 (2.6%)

11 (5.5%)

21 (38.9%)

 < 0.001

 

Death within 365 days

6 (4.0%)

15 (7.5%)

27 (50.0%)

 < 0.001

 

LOS in hospital (days)

7.36 [6.12, 11.01]

9.24 [6.27, 16.87]

13.52 [9.26, 21.77]

 < 0.001

 

LOS in ICU (days,)

2.25 [1.33, 3.98]

3.39 [2.01, 9.18]

8.95 [3.01, 20.01]

 < 0.001

 

Type of aortic aneurysm

   

 < 0.001

 

Abdominal aneurysm without mention of rupture

34 (22.5%)

63 (31.5%)

12 (22.2%)

 
 

Abdominal aneurysm, ruptured

2 (1.3%)

12 (6.0%)

21 (38.9%)

 
 

Thoracic aneurysm without mention of rupture

105 (69.5%)

109 (54.5%)

7 (13.0%)

 
 

Thoracic aneurysm, ruptured

1 (0.7%)

1 (0.5%)

4 (7.4%)

 
 

Thoracoabdominal aneurysm, ruptured

2 (1.3%)

2 (1.0%)

3 (5.6%)

 
 

Thoracoabdominal aneurysm, without mention of rupture

7 (4.6%)

13 (6.5%)

7 (13.0%)

 
 

Age (years)

64.04 [56.20, 73.00]

70.35 [60.43, 76.72]

73.06 [69.39, 79.86]

 < 0.001

 

Male

95 (62.9%)

140 (70.0%)

26 (48.1%)

0.011

 

Aortic rupture

5 (3.3%)

15 (7.5%)

28 (51.9%)

 < 0.001

Comorbidity

 

Sepsis

2 (1.3%)

4 (2.0%)

6 (11.1%)

0.001

 

Chronic pulmonary diseases

31 (20.5%)

48 (24.0%)

9 (16.7%)

0.461

 

Peripheral vascular diseases

90 (59.6%)

99 (49.5%)

18 (33.3%)

0.003

 

hypertension

7 (4.6%)

13 (6.5%)

5 (9.3%)

0.463

 

Renal failure

7 (4.6%)

17 (8.5%)

7 (13.0%)

0.116

 

Coagulopathy

19 (12.6%)

35 (17.5%)

23 (42.6%)

 < 0.001

 

Fluid and electrolyte disorders

29 (19.2%)

43 (21.5%)

17 (31.5%)

0.17

Laboratory indicators on admission

 

Anion gap (mEq/L)

10.00 [9.00, 11.00]

13.00 [12.00, 14.00]

19.00 [17.00, 22.00]

 < 0.001

 

Bicarbonate (mEq/L)

24.00 [22.00, 25.00]

23.00 [20.75, 24.00]

18.00 [16.00, 21.75]

 < 0.001

 

Creatinine (mg/dL)

0.80 [0.70, 1.10]

1.00 [0.80, 1.33]

1.50 [1.12, 2.08]

 < 0.001

 

Blood urea nitrogen (mg/dL)

15.00 [13.00, 18.00]

18.00 [14.00, 23.25]

24.00 [18.00, 28.00]

 < 0.001

 

Hematocrit (%)

24.60 [21.10, 27.00]

25.00 [21.48, 29.00]

25.60 [21.00, 27.60]

0.613

 

Hemoglobin (g/dL)

8.40 [7.50, 9.65]

8.50 [7.30, 9.90]

8.50 [7.10, 9.57]

0.69

 

PTT (sec)

40.70 [35.95, 50.80]

41.25 [33.45, 50.05]

62.05 [39.00, 130.43]

 < 0.001

 

PT (sec)

15.90 [14.85, 17.30]

15.50 [14.30, 17.12]

17.00 [14.83, 19.67]

0.007

 

INR

1.50 [1.30, 1.70]

1.40 [1.30, 1.70]

1.80 [1.33, 2.30]

0.001

 

white blood cell count

(K/μL)

12.70 [9.90, 15.30]

12.60 [10.20, 16.00]

12.00 [9.43, 16.18]

0.817

 

Platelet count (K/μL)

124.00 [97.00, 151.50]

125.00 [89.00, 157.00]

93.50 [58.25, 141.75]

0.001

Treatment

 

Extracorporeal circulation

120 (79.5%)

115 (57.5%)

15 (27.8%)

 < 0.001

 

Bypass surgery

6 (4.0%)

7 (3.5%)

3 (5.6%)

0.789

 

Ventilation in first day

147 (97.4%)

186 (93.0%)

49 (90.7%)

0.104

 

Urine output in first day (ml)

2205.00 [1723.50, 3217.00]

1982.50 [1268.50, 3012.50]

1006.50 [489.50, 1968.50]

 < 0.001

Severity scores

 

GCS

15.00 [14.00, 15.00]

15.00 [14.75, 15.00]

15.00 [15.00, 15.00]

0.115

 

SOFA

5.00 [3.00, 7.00]

5.00 [4.00, 8.00]

8.00 [5.25, 10.00]

 < 0.001

 

SAPSII

31.00 [26.00, 38.50]

32.50 [27.00, 42.00]

46.50 [40.00, 58.50]

 < 0.001

  1. The continuous data’s normality was tested with Shapiro–Wilk normality test. And in two independent groups compare, continuous variables with normal distribution would be represented by mean with standard deviation (SD), compared with t-test. Continuous variables with abnormal distribution would be represented by median and interquartile range, compared with Wilcoxon rank sum test. Categorical variables would be represented by frequency and percentage, compared with chi-square test. Abbreviation: LOS, length of stay; PTT, partial thromboplastin time; PT, prothrombin time; INR, international normalized ratio; ICU, intensive care unit; GCS, Glasgow Coma Scale; SOFA, sequential organ failure assessment; SAPSII, simplified acute physiology score II