Table 3 Characteristics of study participants of cross-sectional study categorized by blood pressure status (N = 9368)
Variables | Hypertension in male N = 4366 | χ2/t | P | Hypertension in female N = 5002 | χ2/t | P | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Without hypertension | Hypertension | Without hypertension | Hypertension | |||||
N | 3009 | 1357 | Â | Â | 3383 | 1619 | Â | Â |
Age(years) | 59.47 ± 9.02 | 61.92 ± 9.44 | − 8.192 | 0.000 | 57.23 ± 8.59 | 62.08 ± 9.95 | − 6.488 | < 0.001 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 22.92 ± 3.62 | 24.02 ± 4.24 | − 9.481 | 0.000 | 23.97 ± 4.06 | 25.37 ± 4.99 | − 9.329 | < 0.001 |
Education | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Illiterate | 376 (12.5) | 191 (14.08) | 8.267 | 0.041 | 1324 (39.14) | 803 (49.6) | 59.666 | < 0.001 |
 Less than elementary school | 2230 (74.11) | 996 (73.4) |  |  | 1785 (52.76) | 741 (45.77) |  |  |
 High school | 271 (9.01) | 96 (7.07) |  |  | 208 (6.15) | 50 (3.09) |  |  |
 Above vocational school | 132 (4.39) | 74 (5.45) |  |  | 66 (1.95) | 25 (1.54) |  |  |
Marital status | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Single | 236 (7.84) | 168 (12.38) | 22.927 | 0.000 | 405 (11.97) | 338 (20.88) | 68.661 | < 0.001 |
 Married | 2773 (92.16) | 1189 (87.62) |  |  | 2978 (88.03) | 1281 (79.12) |  |  |
Living place | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Rural | 2041 (67.83) | 840 (61.9) | 14.646 | < 0.001 | 2175 (64.29) | 1007 (62.2) | 2.073 | 0.150 |
 Urban | 968 (32.17) | 517 (38.1) |  |  | 1208 (35.71) | 612 (37.8) |  |  |
Smoking status | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 No | 742 (24.66) | 335 (24.69) | 0.503 | 0.778 | 3124 (92.34) | 1474 (91.04) | 2.502 | 0.286 |
 Former smoke | 507 (16.85) | 240 (17.69) |  |  | 65 (1.92) | 37 (2.29) |  |  |
 Current smoke | 1760 (58.49) | 782 (57.63) |  |  | 194 (5.73) | 108 (6.67) |  |  |
Alcohol habit | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 No | 1317 (43.77) | 593 (43.7) | 2.114 | 0.348 | 2935 (86.76) | 1450 (89.56) | 10.209 | 0.006 |
 Less than once a month | 346 (11.5) | 137 (10.1) |  |  | 193 (5.7) | 61 (3.77) |  |  |
 More than once a month | 1346 (44.73) | 627 (46.2) |  |  | 255 (7.54) | 108 (6.67) |  |  |
Eating habit | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 ≤ 2 meals per day | 381 (12.66) | 199 (14.66) | 3.266 | 0.195 | 434 (12.83) | 227 (14.02) | 2.06 | 0.357 |
 3 meals per day | 2586 (85.94) | 1140 (84.01) |  |  | 2901 (85.75) | 1374 (84.87) |  |  |
 ≥ 4 meals per day | 42 (1.4) | 18 (1.33) |  |  | 48 (1.42) | 18 (1.11) |  |  |
Social events | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 No | 1458 (48.45) | 688 (50.7) | 1.887 | 0.170 | 1698 (50.19) | 798 (49.29) | 0.357 | 0.550 |
 Ye | 1551 (51.55) | 669 (49.3) |  |  | 1685 (49.81) | 821 (50.71) |  |  |
Experience of a traumatic event | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 No | 2595 (86.24) | 1205 (88.8) | 5.422 | 0.020 | 3138 (92.76) | 1516 (93.64) | 1.310 | 0.252 |
 Yes | 414 (13.76) | 152 (11.2) |  |  | 245 (7.24) | 103 (6.36) |  |  |
Physical exercises habit | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 No physical exercise | 1868 (62.08) | 846 (62.34) |  |  | 2031 (60.04) | 1026 (63.37) |  |  |
 Less than regular physical exercises | 575 (19.11) | 244 (17.98) |  |  | 662 (19.57) | 299 (18.47) |  |  |
 Regular physical exercises | 566 (18.81) | 267 (19.68) | 1.013 | 0.603 | 690 (20.4) | 294 (18.16) | 5.470 | 0.065 |
Famine exposure | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 No-exposed | 390 (12.96) | 112 (8.25) | 53.108 | < 0.001 | 650 (19.21) | 160 (9.88) | 251.082 | < 0.001 |
 Fetal exposed | 333 (11.07) | 126 (9.29) |  |  | 492 (14.54) | 143 (8.83) |  |  |
 Childhood-exposed | 1252 (41.61) | 508 (37.44) |  |  | 1410 (41.68) | 578 (35.7) |  |  |
 Adolescence/adult-exposed | 1034 (34.36) | 611 (45.03) |  |  | 831 (24.56) | 738 (45.58) |  |  |
SUA levels | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Normal | 2851 (94.75) | 1225 (90.27) | 30.222 | < 0.001 | 3268 (96.6) | 1500 (92.65) | 38.329 | < 0.001 |
 High | 158 (5.25) | 132 (9.73) |  |  | 115 (3.4) | 119 (7.35) |  |  |