Implementation of a zero fluoroscopic workflow using a simplified intracardiac echocardiography guided method for catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation, including repeat procedures

Table 1 Patient demographics in the introductory phase

	Introductory phase		p Value
	ZF (n = 16)	FL (n = 16)	p Value
Age, years	57.9 ± 2.8	59.4 ± 1.8	0.647
Female gender	5 (31.3%)	2 (12.5%)
BMI, kg/m²	28.6 ± 1.0	28.5 ± 1.3	0.969
Hypertension	11 (68.8%)	9 (56.3%)	0.716
Diabetes mellitus	1 (6.3%)	4 (25%)	0.333
Coronary artery disease	1 (6.3%)	5 (31.3%)	0.172
Prior stroke/TIA	0	0
Persistent atrial fibrillation	3 (18.8.25%)	4 (25.0%)	1.000
EHRA classification
1	0	0
2	13 (81.3%)	11 (68.8%)	0.343
3	3 (18.3%)	5 (31.3%)	0.343
4	0	0
Sinus rhythm at baseline	13 (81.3)	9 (56.3%)	0.252
LA diameter (mm)	41.2 ± 2.2	45.13 ± 2.2	0.211

ZF zero-fluoroscopic group, FL fluoroscopic group, TIA transient ischemic attack. Values are mean ± SEM and absolute numbers

ISSN: 1471-2261