Fig. 4

Patient No. 5 had PVCs with acute successful RFCA at the SP-MA. a Twelve-lead ECG morphology of the QRS complex during SR and PVCs (paper speed 25 mm/s). b Pace-mapping QRS complex morphology (paper speed 25 mm/s). c CARTO3 mapping indicates an acute successful RFCA site at the SP-MA. d Earliest V-QRS interval of 31 ms for bipolar recording during PVCs and an A/V ratio of 0.05 during SR (paper speed 100 mm/s). g QRS-Uni interval of 6 ms for unipolar recording during PVC and an R-ratio of 0 (paper speed 100 mm/s). f, g Left and right anterior oblique fluoroscopic views at the SP-MA. h Elimination of PVCs after RFCA application for 16.5 s