Table 1 Patient characteristics
Unmatched | Matched | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total N = 1357 | MIS N = 861 | CS N = 496 | p value | MIS N = 422 | CS N = 422 | p value | |
Mean ± SD or % | Mean ± SD or % | Mean ± SD or % | Mean ± SD or % | Mean ± SD or % | |||
Age in years | 63.9 ± 12.3 | 63.2 ± 12.2 | 65.2 ± 12.6 | 0.003 | 63.7 ± 12.6 | 64.5 ± 12.8 | 0.383 |
Female gender | 43.3 | 41.6 | 46.4 | 0.086 | 45.3 | 45.3 | 1.000 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 26.4 ± 4.7 | 26.2 ± 4.5 | 26.5 ± 4.9 | 0.315 | 25.8 ± 4.3 | 26.5 ± 4.8 | 0.026 |
CV risk factors | |||||||
Hypertension | 53.7 | 56.4 | 49.0 | 0.008 | 48.8 | 50.2 | 0.680 |
Dyslipidemia | 16.8 | 22.6 | 6.9 | < 0.001 | 8.8 | 7.6 | 0.530 |
Comorbidities general | |||||||
Diabetes mellitus | 8.7 | 8.4 | 9.3 | 0.566 | 6.4 | 9.5 | 0.098 |
Kidney failure (Crea. > 2.26 mg/dL) | 1.7 | 0.6 | 3.6 | < 0.001 | 0.9 | 1.7 | 0.363 |
Stroke | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.4 | 0.991 | 5.9 | 4.5 | 0.353 |
COPD | 11.8 | 12.1 | 11.3 | 0.664 | 12.3 | 10.4 | 0.386 |
PAD | 3.0 | 2.7 | 3.6 | 0.321 | 2.1 | 2.4 | 0.817 |
Comorbidities cardiac | |||||||
Atrial fibrillation | 32.4 | 32.5 | 32.3 | 0.919 | 35.3 | 31.5 | 0.243 |
Coronary artery disease | 10.2 | 9.6 | 11.3 | 0.334 | 6.9 | 8.5 | 0.366 |
Prior MI (≤ 90 days) | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.4 | 0.500 | 1.2 | 0.5 | 0.451 |
Prior Aortic Valve Replacement | 2.1 | 1.5 | 3.0 | 0.059 | 2.1 | 1.7 | 0.614 |
Prior CABG | 3.9 | 3.0 | 5.4 | 0.026 | 2.4 | 3.6 | 0.310 |
Prior Pacemaker | 2.2 | 1.6 | 3.2 | 0.051 | 1.9 | 2.1 | 0.806 |
NYHA class III/IV | 75.5 | 69.0 | 86.9 | < 0.001 | 85.1 | 84.6 | 0.848 |
CCS class III/IV | 4.1 | 2.2 | 7.3 | < 0.001 | 4.0 | 3.8 | 0.859 |
Pulmonary hypertension | 12.0 | 14.8 | 7.3 | < 0.001 | 9.0 | 8.1 | 0.622 |
Emergency indication for surgery | 3.9 | 5.0 | 2.0 | 0.006 | 2.1 | 1.9 | 0.806 |
Log EuroSCORE I | 7.8 ± 10.7 | 6.7 ± 10.2 | 9.7 ± 11.5 | < 0.001 | 7.3 ± 11.4 | 7.9 ± 9.1 | 0.422 |