Diabetic microvascular complications are associated with reduced global longitudinal strain independent of atherosclerotic coronary artery disease in asymptomatic patients with diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional study

Table 4 Uni- and multivariable linear regression models of global longitudinal strain in 222 patients

Clinical	Univariable				Multivariable*
Clinical	β	95% CI		p	β	95% CI		p
Age (years)	0.01	− 0.03	0.04	ns
Men	0.60	− 0.13	1.34	ns
BMI (kg/m²)	0.14	0.08	0.21	< 0.001	0.12	0.05	0.19	0.01
MAP (mmHg)	0.07	0.04	0.10	< 0.001	0.05	0.01	0.08	0.01
Diabetes duration (years)	− 0.03	− 0.06	0.01	ns
Microvascular complications	0.71	0.59	0.82	< 0.001	0.50	0.11	0.88	0.01
Biochemistry
HbA1c (mmol/mol)	0.01	− 0.01	0.04	ns
Medication
Acetylsalicylic acid	0.06	− 1.09	1.22	ns
Calcium blockers	0.02	− 0.79	0.84	ns
Type of diabetes
T2DM	1.30	0.50	2.11	0.01	0.56	− 0.26	1.39	ns
Echocardiography
e’ (cm/sec)	− 19.8	− 30.2	− 9.42	< 0.001	− 12.7	− 22.8	− 2.54	0.02
Computed tomography
PB (%)	0.01	− 0.01	0.03	ns

β beta coefficient; 95% CI 95% confidence interval; ns not significant; BMI body mass index; MAP mean arterial pressure; HbA1c glycated haemoglobin A1c; T2DM type 2 diabetes mellitus; e’ tissue Doppler average early diastolic mitral annulus velocity; PB plaque burden
*Data were available for 213 patients

ISSN: 1471-2261