Table 1 Study population and participant characteristics
Total | Lower PpO2 (163) | Higher PpO2 (213) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Baseline clinical variables | ||||
Age at surgery, month | 23.3 (12.5–39.4) | 22.77 (12.9–39.4) | 24.60 (12.4–38.8) | 0.975 |
Sex, % | < 0.001 | |||
Female | 164 (43.6%) | 55 (33.7%) | 109 (51.2%) | |
Male | 212 (56.4%) | 108 (66.3%) | 104 (48.8%) | |
Body mass index, % | 15.59 (14.3–16.9) | 15.60 (14.3–16.8) | 15.58 (14.3–16.8) | 0.974 |
Hematocrit, % | 41.7 (37.4–48.5) | 40.70 (37.0–47.0) | 42.90 (38.1–49.6) | 0.141 |
SpO2, % | 84.0 (77.7–93.0) | 86.00 (78.5–95.0) | 82.0 (77.0–92.0) | 0.004 |
NYHA class | 0.670 | |||
I–II | 353 (93.9%) | 152 (93.3%) | 201 (94.4%) | |
III–IV | 23 (6.1%) | 11 (6.8%) | 12 (5.6%) | |
LVEDV index, ml/m2 | 27.02 (19.96–35.66) | 29.00 (22.59–36.88) | 25.84 (18.84–34.63) | 0.014 |
Pulmonary annular z-score | ||||
< − 4.0, % | 101 (26.9%) | 50 (30.7%) | 51 (23.9%) | 0.048 |
− 2.0 to − 4.0, % | 117 (31.1%) | 40 (24.5%) | 77 (36.2%) | |
> − 2.0, % | 158 (42.0%) | 73 (44.8%) | 85 (39.9%) | |
McGoon index | ||||
≤ 1.5, % | 138 (37.1%) | 54 (33.5%) | 84 (39.8%) | 0.215 |
> 1.5, % | 234 (62.9%) | 107 (66.5%) | 127 (60.2%) | |
APCAS, % | 0.828 | |||
None-minimal (untreated) | 187 (49.9%) | 84 (51.5%) | 103 (48.6%) | |
Minor (untreated) | 79 (21.1%) | 34 (20.9%) | 45 (21.2%) | |
Major (treated) | 109 (29.1%) | 45 (27.6%) | 64 (30.2%) | |
Procedural variables | ||||
Cardioplegia, % | 0.500 | |||
4:1 (Buckberg) | 129 (34.3%) | 59 (36.2%) | 70 (32.9%) | |
1:4 (del Nido) | 247 (65.7%) | 104 (63.8%) | 143 (67.1%) | |
Transannular patch, % | 0.880 | |||
Absence | 165 (44.0%) | 71 (43.6%) | 94 (44.3%) | |
Presence | 210 (56.0%) | 92 (56.4%) | 118 (55.7%) | |
Tricuspid valve detachment, % | 0.461 | |||
Absence | 304 (80.8%) | 129 (79.1%) | 175 (82.2%) | |
Presence | 72 (19.2%) | 34 (20.9%) | 38 (17.8%) | |
Blood transfusion, % | 0.017 | |||
< 10 ml per kg | 60 (16.0%) | 27 (16.6%) | 33 (15.5%) | |
10–30 ml per kg | 121 (32.2%) | 56 (34.4%) | 65 (30.5%) | |
> 30 ml per kg | 195 (51.8%) | 80 (49.0%) | 115 (54.0%) | |
Post-CVP, % | 0.530 | |||
5–10 cmH2O | 274 (72.9%) | 123 (75.5%) | 151 (71.0%) | |
< 5 cmH2O | 30 (8.0%) | 13 (8.0%) | 17 (7.9%) | |
> 10 cmH2O | 72 (19.2%) | 27 (16.5%) | 45 (21.1%) | |
Post-TPG, % | 0.643 | |||
< 15 mmHg | 99 (26.3%) | 46 (28.2%) | 53 (24.9%) | |
15–30 mmHg | 160 (42.6%) | 70 (42.9%) | 90 (42.2%) | |
> 30 mmHg | 117 (31.1%) | 47 (28.8%) | 70 (32.9%) | |
CPB time, min | 123.5(90.0–158.5) | 116.0 (88.5–143.0) | 131.0 (92.0–169.0) | 0.013 |