Quality of life and health status of hospitalized adults with congenital heart disease in Vietnam: a cross-sectional study

Truong, Thanh-Huong; Kim, Ngoc-Thanh; Nguyen, Mai-Ngoc Thi; Do, Doan-Loi; Nguyen, Hong Thi; Le, Thanh-Tung; Le, Hong-An

doi:10.1186/s12872-021-02026-1

Table 4 SWLS, HADS-A and HADS-D by subgroups in adults with congenital heart disease

From: Quality of life and health status of hospitalized adults with congenital heart disease in Vietnam: a cross-sectional study

Groups	Total						Men
Groups	Median	IQR	U	Z	p value	Cohen’s d	Median	IQR	U	Z	p value	Cohen’s d
Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS)
Total	25.0	5.0	–	–	–	–	26.0	4.5	–	–	–	–
Total	(n = 109)		–	–	–	–	(n = 33)		–	–	–	–
Age groups
16–30	26.0	4.0	1226.5	− 0.88	0.379	0.168	26.5	5.25	124.5	− 0.384	0.708	0.132
16–30	(n = 39)						(n = 18)
31+	25.0	5.0					26.0	4.0
31+	(n = 70)						(n = 15)
Marital status
Married	25.0	5.0	911.5	− 1.865	0.062	0.361	26.5	4.0	96.0	− 1.457	0.157	0.518
Married	(n = 79)						(n = 16)
Unmarried	25.0	6.25					26.0	6.5
Unmarried	(n = 30)						(n = 17)
Educational level
High school+	26.0	4.75	1108.5	− 1.7	0.089	0.335	26.5	4.0	79.0	− 0.935	0.373	0.342
High school+	(n = 56)						(n = 20)
High school−	25.0	5.0					25.5	8.25
High school−	(n = 49)						(n = 10)
Employment status
Employed	26.0	5.0	779.5	− 2.09	0.037	0.413	27.0	4.0	53.5	− 1.457	0.153	0.536
Employed	(n = 79)						(n = 24)
Unemployed/had unstable employment	24.0	7.0					25.0	11.0
Unemployed/had unstable employment	(n = 27)						(n = 7)
CHD type
Simple	25.0	5.0	632.0	− 0.964	0.335	0.184	26.5	4.75	58.0	− 0.609	0.575	0.211
Simple	(n = 93)						(n = 28)
Complex/PAH	25.0	4.75					25.0	4.5
Complex/PAH	(n = 16)						(n = 5)
CHD treatment
Repaired	26.0	5.0	933.0	− 0.418	0.676	0.08	26.0	2.0	59.5	− 0.533	0.609	0.184
Repaired	(n = 23)						(n = 5)
Unrepaired/palliative	25.0	5.0					26.5	5.5
Unrepaired/palliative	(n = 86)						(n = 28)
Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale-Anxiety subscale (HADS-A)
Total	6.0	7.0	–	–	–	–	4.0	5.0	–	–	–	–
Total	(n = 107)		–	–	–	–	(n = 31)		–	–	–	–
Age groups
16–30	3.5	6.25	824.5	− 3.179	0.001	0.643	3.0	4.5	68.0	− 2.041	0.044	0.781
16–30	(n = 38)						(n = 17)
31+	7.0	5.0					5.5	6.25
31+	(n = 69)						(n = 14)
Marital status
Married	6.5	6.0	1064.5	− 0.468	0.64	0.09	5.0	5.0	113.0	− 0.279	0.8	0.1
Married	(n = 78)						(n = 15)
Unmarried	4.0	10.0					3.5	5.75
Unmarried	(n = 29)						(n = 16)
Educational level
High school+	5.0	5.0	798.5	− 3.44	0.001	0.717	3.0	3.75	23.5	− 2.903	0.003	1.293
High school+	(n = 56)						(n = 20)
High school−	9.0	7.0					9.0	9.25
High school−	(n = 47)						(n = 8)
Employment status
Employed	6.0	6.0	655.0	− 2.706	0.007	0.548	3.0	5.0	29.0	− 2.174	0.031	0.873
Employed	(n = 78)						(n = 23)
Unemployed/had unstable employment	9.5	7.5					9.5	11.25
Unemployed/had unstable employment	(n = 26)						(n = 6)
CHD type
Simple	6.0	6.75	451.5	− 2.148	0.032	0.423	4.0	5.0	38.5	− 0.921	0.376	0.333
Simple	(n = 92)						(n = 27)
Complex/PAH	10.0	7.0					9.0	13.75
Complex/PAH	(n = 15)						(n = 4)
CHD treatment
Repaired	6.0	8.25	876.5	− 0.453	0.651	0.087	4.0	10.25	52.5	− 0.089	0.932	0.032
Repaired	(n = 22)						(n = 4)
Unrepaired/palliative	7.0	7.0					4.0	5.0
Unrepaired/palliative	(n = 85)						(n = 27)
Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale-Depression subscale (HADS-D)
Total	5.0	5.0	–	–	–	–	4.0	5.0	–	–	–	–
Total	(n = 109)		–	–	–	–	(n = 33)		–	–	–	–
Age groups
16–30	4.0	4.0	878.0	− 3.096	0.002	0.617	2.5	3.5	69.0	− 2.407	0.016	0.913
16–30	(n = 39)						(n = 18)
31+	6.0	5.25					6.0	4.0
31+	(n = 70)						(n = 15)
Marital status
Married	5.0	5.0	1144.0	− 0.28	0.78	0.053	5.0	4.75	119.0	− 0.618	0.557	0.214
Married	(n = 79)						(n = 16)
Unmarried	4.0	8.0					3.0	5.5
Unmarried	(n = 30)						(n = 17)
Educational level
High school+	4.0	3.0	846.5	− 3.395	0.001	0.698	3.0	2.0	41.0	− 2.622	0.008	1.076
High school+	(n = 56)						(n = 20)
High school−	7.0	6.0					7.5	7.25
High school−	(n = 49)						(n = 10)
Employment status
Employed	4.0	4.0	673.0	− 2.87	0.004	0.577	3.0	3.75	43.0	− 1.955	0.054	0.742
Employed	(n = 79)						(n = 24)
Unemployed/had unstable employment	8.0	8.0					8.0	11.0
Unemployed/had unstable employment	(n = 27)						(n = 7)
CHD type
Simple	4.0	5.0	489.5	− 2.191	0.028	0.427	3.0	5.0	36.5	− 1.696	0.093	0.612
Simple	(n = 93)						(n = 28)
Complex/PAH	7.0	6.0					6.0	9.5
Complex/PAH	(n = 16)						(n = 5)
CHD treatment
Repaired	6.0	7.0	796.5	− 1.438	0.151	0.276	3.0	7.0	56.5	0.494	0.509	0.238
Repaired	(n = 23)						(n = 5)
Unrepaired/palliative	5.0	5.0					4.0	5.0
Unrepaired/palliative	(n = 86)						(n = 28)

Groups	Women						U*	Z*	p value*	Cohen’s d*
Groups	Median	IQR	U	Z	p value	Cohen’s d	U*	Z*	p value*	Cohen’s d*
Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS)
Total	25.0	4.75	–	–	–	–	1075.5	–1.183	0.237	0.227
Total	(n = 76)		–	–	–	–	1075.5	–1.183	0.237	0.227
Age groups
16–30	26.0	3.5	481.5	− 1.12	0.263	0.258	183	− 0.17	0.878	0.054
16–30	(n = 21)						183	− 0.17	0.878	0.054
31+	25.0	5.0					314.0	− 1.417	0.157	0.342
31+	(n = 55)						314.0	− 1.417	0.157	0.342
Marital status
Married	25.0	5.0	276.5	− 1.843	0.065	0.431	368.5	− 1.663	0.096	0.379
Married	(n = 63)						368.5	− 1.663	0.096	0.379
Unmarried	24.0	6.5					83.0	− 1.157	0.263	0.43
Unmarried	(n = 13)						83.0	− 1.157	0.263	0.43
Educational level
High school+	26.0	5.0	595.0	− 1.14	0.254	0.264	312.5	− 0.817	0.414	0.218
High school+	(n = 36)						312.5	− 0.817	0.414	0.218
High school−	24.0	4.0					181.0	− 0.349	0.742	0.099
High school−	(n = 39)						181.0	− 0.349	0.742	0.099
Employment status
Employed	25.0	5.0	438.0	− 1.348	0.178	0.314	528.5	− 1.41	0.159	0.319
Employed	(n = 55)						528.5	− 1.41	0.159	0.319
Unemployed/had unstable employment	24.0	6.25					69.5	− 0.028	0.978	0.011
Unemployed/had unstable employment	(n = 20)						69.5	− 0.028	0.978	0.011
CHD type
Simple	25.0	5.0	302.5	− 0.816	0.415	0.187	792.0	− 0.993	0.321	0.206
Simple	(n = 65)						792.0	− 0.993	0.321	0.206
Complex/PAH	24.0	5.0					24.0	0.689	0.743	0.199
Complex/PAH	(n = 11)						24.0	0.689	0.743	0.199
CHD treatment
Repaired	25.5	6.0	466.0	− 0.687	0.492	0.157	43.0	− 0.15	0.914	0.062
Repaired	(n = 18)						43.0	− 0.15	0.914	0.062
Unrepaired/palliative	25.0	4.0					669.0	− 1.325	0.185	0.287
Unrepaired/palliative	(n = 58)						669.0	− 1.325	0.185	0.287
Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale-Anxiety subscale (HADS-A)
Total	7.0	6.0		–	–	–	745.5	− 2.982	0.003	0.6
Total	(n = 76)			–	–	–	745.5	− 2.982	0.003	0.6
Age groups
16–30	6.0	7.5	440.0	− 1.603	0.109	0.373	113.0	− 1.944	0.056	0.657
16–30	(n = 21)						113.0	− 1.944	0.056	0.657
31+	8.0	5.0					298.0	− 1.303	0.193	0.316
31+	(n = 55)						298.0	− 1.303	0.193	0.316
Marital status
Married	7.0	6.0	317.5	− 1.274	0.203	0.294	306.0	− 2.119	0.034	0.492
Married	(n = 63)						306.0	− 2.119	0.034	0.492
Unmarried	12.0	12.5					62.5	− 1.835	0.068	0.718
Unmarried	(n = 13)						62.5	− 1.835	0.068	0.718
Educational level
High school+	7.0	7.0	551.0	− 1.607	0.108	0.376	163.5	− 3.38	0.001	1.005
High school+	(n = 36)						163.5	− 3.38	0.001	1.005
High school−	8.0	7.0					155.5	− 0.014	0.989	0.004
High school−	(n = 39)						155.5	− 0.014	0.989	0.004
Employment status
Employed	7.0	7.0	421.5	− 1.545	0.122	0.361	340.0	− 3.221	0.001	0.779
Employed	(n = 55)						340.0	− 3.221	0.001	0.779
Unemployed/had unstable employment	9.5	6.75					58.5	− 0.092	0.929	0.036
Unemployed/had unstable employment	(n = 20)
CHD type
Simple	7.0	6.5	242.0	− 1.711	0.087	0.399	540.5	− 2.905	0.004	0.632
Simple	(n = 65)						540.5	− 2.905	0.004	0.632
Complex/PAH	10.0	6.0					21.0	− 0.131	0.949	0.067
Complex/PAH	(n = 11)						21.0	− 0.131	0.949	0.067
CHD treatment
Repaired	6.0	7.5	520.0	− 0.025	0.98	0.006	22.5	− 1.159	0.262	0.505
Repaired	(n = 18)						22.5	− 1.159	0.262	0.505
Unrepaired/palliative	7.5	6.0					490.0	− 2.777	0.005	0.629
Unrepaired/palliative	(n = 58)						490.0	− 2.777	0.005	0.629
Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale-Depression subscale (HADS-D)
Total	5.0	5.0		–	–	–	914.0	− 2.255	0.024	0.555
Total	(n = 76)			–	–	–	914.0	− 2.255	0.024	0.555
Age groups
16–30	4.0	4.0	438.0	− 1.631	0.103	0.378	116.5	− 2.064	0.04	0.692
16–30	(n = 21)						116.5	− 2.064	0.04	0.692
31+	6.0	6.0					377.5	− 0.503	0.615
31+	(n = 55)						377.5	− 0.503	0.615
Marital status
Married	5.0	4.0	307.5	− 1.416	0.157	0.327	420.0	− 1.032	0.302	0.232
Married	(n = 63)						420.0	− 1.032	0.302	0.232
Unmarried	10.0	10.5					60.5	− 2.104	0.035	0.827
Unmarried	(n = 13)						60.5	− 2.104	0.035	0.827
Educational level
High school+	4.0	3.75	519.5	− 1.948	0.051	0.459	188.0	− 2.975	0.003	0.855
High school+	(n = 36)						188.0	− 2.975	0.003	0.855
High school−	7.0	6.0					191.5	− 0.087	0.932	0.025
High school−	(n = 39)						191.5	− 0.087	0.932	0.025
Employment status
Employed	4.0	5.0	378.0	− 2.074	0.038	0.49	411.5	− 2.674	0.007	0.624
Employed	(n = 55)						411.5	− 2.674	0.007	0.624
Unemployed/ had unstable employment	8.0	7.5					65.5	− 0.251	0.808	0.096
Unemployed/ had unstable employment	(n = 20)						65.5	− 0.251	0.808	0.096
CHD type
Simple	5.0	5.5	260.5	− 1.441	0.15	0.333	630.5	− 2.355	0.019	0.5
Simple	(n = 65)						630.5	− 2.355	0.019	0.5
Complex/PAH	8.0	6.0					26.0	− 0.172	0.913	0.085
Complex/PAH	(n = 11)						26.0	− 0.172	0.913	0.085
CHD treatment
Repaired	6.5	6.0	433.0	− 1.094	0.274	0.251	31.5	− 1.015	0.325	0.429
Repaired	(n = 18)						31.5	− 1.015	0.325	0.429
Unrepaired/palliative	5.0	5.0					610.5	− 1.868	0.062	0.409
Unrepaired/palliative	(n = 58)						610.5	− 1.868	0.062	0.409

CHD: Congenital heart disease; PAH: Pulmonary artery hypertension; IQR: Interquartile Range; Employed status included stable employment, homemaker, retired, student or other works; Using independent samples Mann–Whitney-U test; Cohen's d is the appropriate effect size measure; *Compared between men and women

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