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Table 3 Factors associated with treatment strategy for NVAF by multivariate analysis

From: Demographic, clinical, and functional determinants of antithrombotic treatment in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation

Endpointa

OR (95% CI)

p value

Anticoagulants versus antiplatelet therapyb

  

PROFUND Index (1-year mortality risk) (Referral category: low)

 

 < 0.0001

Low-intermediate

0.455 (0.221–0.938)

0.033

Intermediate-high

0.144 (0.067–0.312)

 < 0.0001

High

0.133 (0.056–0.316)

 < 0.0001

Type of NVAF (Referral category: paroxysmal)

 < 0.0001

Persistent

2.077 (0.796–5.422)

0.135

Permanent

4.122 (2.281–7.450)

 < 0.0001

Congestive heart failure (yes vs. no)

2.084 (1.173–3.703)

0.012

VKAs versus DOACsc

Gender (male vs. female)

0.677 (0.478–0.959)

0.028

Educational level (Referral category: did not complete compulsory education)

 

0.004

Primary education

0.959 (0.617–1.491)

0.853

Secondary education

0.534 (0.297–0.961)

0.036

University or higher

0.337 (0.159–0.715)

0.023

Institutionalization (yes vs. no)

7.744 (1.816–33.027)

0.006

Time since diagnosis of NVAF

1.045 (1.011–1.080)

0.009

Prior stroke/TIA (yes vs. no)

0.591 (0.386–0.903)

0.015

  1. CI: confidence interval, DOAC: direct-acting oral anticoagulant, NVAF non-valvular atrial fibrillation, OR: odds ratio, TIA: transient ischemic attack, VKA: vitamin K antagonist
  2. aThe covariates included in the univariate models were as follows: age, gender, educational level, institutionalization, dependence in activities of daily living (ADLs), PROFUND index, Charlson comorbidity index, cognitive impairment (SPMSQ score), life expectancy (physician’s criteria), type of NAVF, time since diagnosis of NVAF, active neoplasia, dementia, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, congestive heart failure (CHF), ischaemic disease (myocardial infarction, and/or stable coronary arterial disease), peripheral artery disease (PAD), cerebrovascular disease (prior stroke/transient ischemic attack [TIA]), venous thromboembolic disease, prior bleeding, predisposition to bleeding, abnormal hepatic function, abnormal renal function, and thromboembolic risk (CHA2DS2-VASc score)
  3. bThe variables included in the multivariate analysis were institutionalization (p = 0.005), dependence in ADLs (p = 0.001), 1-year risk mortality risk (PROFUND index) (p < 0.0001), Charlson comorbidity index (p = 0.012), life expectancy (p =0.031 ), type of NVAF (p < 0.001), and dementia (p = 0.007). Age (p =0.098), diabetes mellitus (p = 0.174), arterial hypertension (p =0.183), CHF (p = 0.092), PAD (p = 0.183), and prior stroke/TIA (p = 0.138) were also considered in the multivariate model (p < 0.2)
  4. cThe variables included in the multivariate analysis were educational level (p = 0.008), institutionalization (p = 0.005), Charlson comorbidity index (p = 0.029), type of NVAF (p = 0.009), and time since diagnosis of NVAF (p < 0.008). Gender (p = 0.139), life expectancy (p = 0.159), diabetes mellitus (p = 0.089), CHF (p = 0.180), ischemic disease (p = 0.167), and prior stroke/TIA (p = 0.055) were also considered in the multivariate model (p < 0.2). Prior bleeding (p = 0.208) and abnormal renal function (0.314) were also included as relevant determinants of anticoagulant treatment