Table 2 Characteristics of patients presenting with ACCs
Case | Acute LVEF (%) | Strain analysis | Impairment patterns of LS | Acute global LS | Coronary artery evaluation | Recovery time on imaging | Clinical diagnosis |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 0.38 | Yes | Apical ballooning | − 5.5 | CTA: (–) | 6 days | Takotsubo syndrome |
2 | 0.39 | Yes | Apical sparing | − 10.7 | CAG: (–) | 7 days | Takotsubo syndrome |
3 | 0.45 | Yes | Apical sparing | − 4.8 | Without risk factors | 30 days | Takotsubo syndrome |
4 | 0.21 | Yes | Apical sparing | − 6.1 | Without risk factors | 14 days | Takotsubo syndrome |
5 | 0.62 | No | – | – | CAG: (–) | – | HFpEF |
6 | 0.64 | Yes | Apical sparing | − 16.8 | CTA: (–) | – | HFpEF |
7 | 0.43 | No | – | – | CTA: p-RCA 50% stenosis | 12 days | Takotsubo syndrome |
8 | 0.61 | No | – | – | – | – | HFpEF, ischemic stroke |
9 | 0.36 | No | – | – | Without risk factors | 11 days | Recurrent Takotsubo syndrome (3 times) |
10 | 0.38 | Yes | Segmental | − 21.2 | CTA: (–) | 11 days | Recurrent Takotsubo syndrome (2 times) |
11 | 0.65 | No | – | – | Without risk factors | – | HFpEF |
12 | 0.59 | Yes | Apical sparing | − 9.6 | Without risk factors | 7 days | Takotsubo syndrome |
13 | 0.35 | Yes | Apical sparing | − 13.6 | CAG: (–) | 15 days | Takotsubo syndrome |
14 | 0.28 | Yes | Global | – | CAG: (–) | Without recovery in 10 months | Catecholamine-induced cardiomyopathy |
Case | Sex/age (years)* | Initial symptoms | Triggers | Labile blood pressure | Location of tumors | Plasma catecholamine (× ULN) | Troponin (pg/ml) | NT-proBNP (pg/ml) | ECG | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
E/MN | NE/NMN | |||||||||
1 | 50 s/male | Nausea, vomiting, dyspnea, palpitation | Physical activity | No | Left adrenal PHEO | 5.9 | 2.5 | 1159 | > 35,000 | Sinus tachycardia, ST depression and T wave inversion in V4–6 |
2 | 30 s/male | Nausea, vomiting, dyspnea, palpitation, headache | Physical activity | No | Bilateral adrenal PHEO | 15.8 | 4.2 | 1220 | 5976 | ST depression and T inversion in V1–6, prolonged QTc interval |
3 | 10 s/female | Dyspnea | Infection | No | Right adrenal PHEO | Normal | > 12.1 | 19.3 | 2985 | Sinus tachycardia |
4 | 40 s/male | Dyspnea, palpitation, sweating | No | Yes | Right adrenal PHEO | 4.0 | Normal | 2773 | 25,492 | Sinus tachycardia, nonspecific T wave changes |
5 | 40 s/female | dyspnea | No | No | Left adrenal PHEO | 11.2 | 11.9 | 77.3 | 4740 | T wave inversion in inferior leads |
6 | 60 s/male | Dyspnea, palpitation, sweating | No | No | Left adrenal PHEO | 2.6 | 57.5 | 84.3 | 7976 | Diminished R wave in V2–3 |
7 | 50 s/male | Dyspnea, chest pain | Operation | No | Right adrenal PHEO | – | – | 130.2 | 2250 | Premature atrial complex |
8 | 60 s/female | Nausea, vomiting, dyspnea, sweating | Defecation | Yes | Right adrenal PHEO | – | – | 437.6 | 33,914 | T wave inversion in inferior leads and V2–6 |
9 | 20 s/male | Nausea, dyspnea, palpitation, sweating | No | Yes | Left adrenal PHEO | 8.4 | 11.4 | 663.6 | 26,508 | Sinus tachycardia, second degree AVB |
10 | 70 s/male | Nausea, vomiting, dyspnea | No | No | Right adrenal PHEO | 9.4 | 2.9 | 2178 | > 35,000 | Sinus tachycardia, low voltage in limb leads, ST depression in V3–6 |
11 | 30 s/female | Dyspnea, palpitation, sweating | Pregnancy | Yes | Retroperitoneal PGL | – | – | – | – | T wave inversion in inferior leads and V3–6 |
12 | 40 s/male | Nausea, vomiting, dyspnea, headache | No | Yes | Right adrenal PHEO | 25.1 | 16.0 | 121.9 | 8946 | T wave inversion in I, aVL, and V6 |
13 | 40 s/male | Nausea, vomiting, dyspnea, chest pain, headache | No | No | Left adrenal PHEO | 10.4 | 7.6 | 954.2 | 12,913 | ST depression in inferior leads and V4–6, ST elevation in aVR |
14 | 50 s/male | Dyspnea | No | No | Pelvic PGL | Normal | > 12.1 | 72.1 | 1208 | Sinus tachycardia, LBBB |